Молекулярно-генетическая характеристика дальневосточных штаммов вируса клещевого энцефалита, изолированных от людей с различными формами инфекционного процесса
Диссертация
Таким образом, оценка вирулентных свойств штаммов вируса КЭ, проведенная только на основании клинической формы КЭ у людей, является достаточно условной, так как, не всегда согласуется с проявлениями вирулентных свойств на модели лабораторных животных. Исследования нуклеотидной последовательности выделенных от людей штаммов, вирулентность которых достоверно различается на модели лабораторных… Читать ещё >
Список литературы
- Борисевич В.Г. Иммуно-вирусологические аспекты инаппарантной и стертой форм клещевого энцефалита. Автореф. дис. .канд. мед. наук. Владивосток, 2002 г.
- Борисевич В.Г., Леонова Г. Н. Инфекционный процесс при стертой и инаппарантной формах клещевого энцефалита. // В кн. «Клещевой энцефалит». Владивосток. — 2002. — С. 48−59.
- Борисов В.А., Аитов К. А., Муляр Н. Ф. К вопросу о клинико-лабораторных особенностях КЭ в природно-очаговой зоне Приангарья // Журнал инфекционной патологии 1996. — Т. 3. — № 2. — С. 21−23.
- Борисов В.А., Ющук Н. Д., Малов И.В, Аитов К. А. Особенности КЭ в различных регионах // Эпидемиология и инфекционные болезни. 2000. -№ 2, — С. 43−47.
- Борисов В.А. Клещевой энцнфалит в Иркутской области: Автореф. дис.. .докт. мед. наук. Иркутск, 2002. — 42 с.
- Волкова Л.И., Образцова Р. Г. Тез. науч. конф. «Актуальные проблемы природноочаговых инфекций». Ижевск, 1998. С. 186−188.
- Вотяков В.И., Протас И. И., Жданов В. М. Западный клещевой энцефалит.-Минск, 1978.-256 с.
- Гайдамович С.Я., Логинова Н. В. Семейство Togaviridae // Общая и частная вирусология. М., 1982. — Т.2. — С. 49−94.
- Гращенков Н.И. Очерки вирусных поражений центральной нервной системы. Изд. Акад. Наук БССР, 1951.-541 с.
- Демина Т.В. Характеристика генетической вариабельности штаммов вируса клещевого энцефалита на основе анализа гомологии участков вирусного генома// Дис. канд. биол. наук.-Владивосток, 1999. 157 с.
- Злобин В.И., Демина Т. В., Мамаев JI.B. и др. Анализ генетической вариабельности штаммов вируса клещевого энцефалита по первичной структуре фрагмента гена белка оболочки Е // Вопр.вирусол.-2001а.-№ 1.
- Злобин В.И., Демина Т. В., Беликов С. И. и др. Генетическое типирование штаммов вируса клещевого энцефалита на основе анализа гомологии фрагмента белка оболочки // Вопр. вирусол. 20 016. -№ 1. — С. 16−21.
- Злобин В.И., Беликов С. И., Джиоев Ю. П. и др. Молекулярная эпидемиология клещевого энцефалита. Иркутск: РИО ВСНЦ СО РАМН, 2003.-272 с.
- Кумарев В.П., Беликов С. И., Кобзев В. Ф., и др. Способ синтеза олиго(поли)нуклеотидов и устройство для его осуществления.// АС № ' 1 773 916, 1992, — 11с.
- Леонова Г. Н., Мураткина С. М., Кругляк С. П. Изучение вирулентности штаммов вируса клещевого энцефалита, изолированных на юге советского Дальнего Востока // Вопр.вирусол.-1990.-№ 5.-С.399−401.
- Леонова Г. Н., Кожемяко В. Б., Исаева М. И. и др. Молекулярная характеристика популяции вируса клещевого энцефалита Южно-Сихотэ-Алиньского очагового региона // Вопр. вирусол. 1996. — № 4. — С. 154— 158.
- Леонова Г. Н. Клещевой энцефалит в Приморском крае. Владивосток: Дальнаука, 1997.- 187 с.
- Леонова Г. Н., Беликов С. И., Джиоев Ю. П. Филогенетический анализ штаммов, вызвавших клещевой энцефалит в Приморском крае с различной тяжестью течения // Журн. Эпид и инфекц. болезни. 2002. -№ 1. — С. 53−56.
- Леонова Г. Н., Борисевич В. Г. Способ выделения арбовирусов, в частности клещевого энцефалита. Патент на изобретение № 2 205 652 от 10 июня 2003 г.
- Маниатис Т., Фрич Э., Сэмбрук Дж. Молекулярное клонирование. М.: Мир, 1984. -477с.
- Морозова О.В. Свойства некоторых белков вируса клещевого энцефалита: Дис. докт. биол. наук. Кольцово, 2001 — 211 с.
- Остерман Л.А. Методы исследования белков и нуклеиновых кислот.// М.: Наука, 1981.-285 с.
- Плетнев А.Г., Ямщиков В.Ф. N-концевые аминокислотные последовательности структурных белков вируса клещевого энцефалита // Биоорг. химия,-1985.-Т. 11, № 12.-С. 1681 -1684.
- Плетнев А.Г. Структура, организация и детекция генома вируса клещевого энцефалита: Автореф.дис. .докт.хим.наук.-М., 1990.-48 с.
- Погодина В.В., Фролова М. П., Ерман Б. А. Хронический клещевой энцефалит. Новосибирск: Наука, Сиб. отд-ние, 1986. — 233 с.
- Погодина В.В., Трухина А. Г., Шаманин В. А. и др. Дезоксиолигонуклеотидные зонды, дифференцирующие антигенные и патогенетические варианты вируса клещевого энцефалита // Вопр. вирусол. 1992. — № 1. — С. 53−56.
- Шаманин В.А., Плетнев А. Г., Злобин В. И. Применение молекулярной гибридизации с синтетическими дезоксиолигонуклеотидами для дифференциации штаммов вируса клещевого энцефалита // Вопр. вирусол. 1990. — № 6. — С. 474−478.
- Шаманин В.А., Плетнев А. Г., Рубин С.Г,., Злобин В. И. Дифференциация вирусов комплекса клещевого энцефалита методом РНК-ДНК-гибридизации//В опр. вирусол. 1991. — № 1. — С. 27−31.
- Шаповал А.Н. Хронические формы клещевого энцефалита: JL, Медицина, 1976. 176 с.
- Allison S.L., Stiasny К., Stadler К. Mapping of functional elements in the stem-anchor region of tick-borne encephalitis virus envelope protein E // J. Virol. 1999. — Vol. 73. — P. 5605−5612.
- Allison S.L., Schalich J., Stiasny K. Mutational Evidence for an Internal Fusion Peptide in Flavivirus Envelope Protein E // J. Virol. 2001. — Vol.75. № 9.-P. 4268−4275.
- Amberg S.M., Rice C.M. Mutagenesis of the NS2B-NS3-mediated cleavage site in the flavivirus capsid protein demonstrates a requirement for coordinated processing // J. Virol. 1999. — Vol. 73. — P. 8083−8094.
- Bakhvalova V.N., Rar V.A., Tkachev S.E. et.al. Tick-borne encephalitis virus strains of Western Siberia // J. Virus Research. 2000. — Vol. 70. — P. 1−12.
- Baleotti F.G., Moreli M.L., Figueiredo L.T. Brazilian Flavivirus phylogeny based on NS5 // Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. 2003. — Vol.98. № 3. — P. 379−82.
- Balmaseda A., Sandoval E., Perez I. Application of molecular typing techniques in the 1998 dengue epidemic in Nicaragua // Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999. — Vol. — 61. — P. 893−897.
- Barret A.D., Monath T.P., Cropp C.B. Attenuation of wild-type yellow fever virus by passage in HeLa cells // J. Gen. Virol. 1990. — Vol. 71. — P. 23 012 306.
- Batista W.C., Kashima S., Marques A.C. Phylogenetic analysis of Brazilian Flavivirus using nucleotide sequences of parts of NS5 gene and 3' non-coding regions // J. Virus. Res. 2001. — Vol. 75. — P. 35−42.
- Beasley D.W., Li L., Suderman M.T., Barrett A.D. Mouse neuroinvasive phenotype of West Nile virus strains varies depending upon virus genotype // Virology 2002. — Vol. 296. — P. 17−23.
- Blok J. Genetic relationships of Denge virus serocomplex 11 J.Gen. Virol.-1985.-Vol.66.-P. 1323−1325
- Bray M., Men R., Tokimatsu I. Genetic determinants responsible for acquisition of dengue type 2 virus mouse neurovirulence // J. Virol. 1998. -Vol. 72. — P. 1647−1651.
- Brinton M.A., Fernandez A.V., Dispoto J.H. The З'-nucleotides of flavivirus genomic RNA form a conserved secondary structure. // Virology. 1986. -Vol. 153.-P. 113−121.
- Brinton M.A., Dispoto J.H. Sequence and secondary structure analysis of the 5'-terminal region of flavivirus genome RNA // Virology. 1988. — Vol. 162. -P. 290−299.
- Cahour A.A., Pletnev M., Vazeille-Falcoz L. Growth-restricted dengue virus mutants containing deletions in the 5' noncoding region of the RNA genome // Virology. 1995. — Vol. 207. — P. 68−76.
- Calisher C.H., Karabatsos N., Dalrymple J.M. Antigenic relationships between flaviviruses as determined by cross-neutralization tests with polyclonal antisera // J. Gen. Virol. 1989. — Vol. 70. — P. 37−43.
- Callahan J.D., Wu S.L., Dion-Schultz A. Development and Evaluation of Serotype- and Group-Specific Fluorogenic Reverse Transcriptase PCR (TaqMan) Assays for Dengue Virus // J. Clin. Microbiol. 2001. — Vol. 39-P. 4119−4124.
- Canducci F., Uberti Foppa C., Boeri E. Characterization of GBV-C infection in HIV-1 infected patients // J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents. 2003. — Vol. 17. -P. 191−194.
- Cao J.X., Ni H., Wills M.R. Passage of Japanese encephalitis virus in HeLa cells results in attenuation of virulence in mice // J. Gen. Virol. 1995. — Vol. 76.-P. 2757−2764.
- Chambers T.J., Nestorowicz A., Amberg S.M. Mutagenesis of the yellow fever virus NS2B protein: effects on proteolytic processing, NS2B-NS3 complex formation, and viral replication // J. Virol. 1993. — Vol. 67. — P. 6797−6807.
- Chandler L.J., Nordoff N.G. Identification of genetic variation among St. Louis encephalitis virus isolates, using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis // J. Virol. Methods. 1999. — Vol. 80. — P. 169−178.
- Chandler L.J., Parsons R., Randle Y. Multiple genotypes of St. Louis encephalitis virus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus) circulate in Harris County, Texas // Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2001. — Vol. 64. — P. 12−19.
- Chang G.J., Hunt A.R., Holmes D.A. Enhancing biosynthesis and secretion of premembrane and envelope proteins by the chimeric plasmid of dengue virus type 2 and Japanese encephalitis virus // Virology. 2003. — Vol. 306 — P. 170 180.
- Charrel R.N., Levy N., Tesh R.B. Use of Base Excision Sequence Scanning for Detection of Genetic Variations in St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Isolates // J.Clin. Microbiol. 1999. — Vol. 37. — P. 1935−1940.
- Charrel R. N, Zaki A.M., Attoui H. et. al. Complete coding sequence of the Alkhurma virus, a tick-borne flavivirus causing severe hemorrhagic fever in humans in Saudi Arabia // J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2001. — Vol. 287.-P. 455−461.
- Chen W.R., Tesh R.B., Rico-Hesse R. Genetic variation of Japanese encephalitis virus in nature // J. Gen. Virol. 1990. — Vol. 71. — P. 2915−2922
- Chen Y., Maguire Т., Marks R.M. Demonstration of binding of dengue virus envelope protein to target cells // J. Virol. 1996. — Vol. 70. — P. 8765−8772.
- Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. Single Step Method of RNA isolation by Acid Guanidinium Thiocyanate Phenol — Chloroform Extraction // J. Analitical Biochemistry. — 1987. — Vol. 162. — P.156−159
- Cong M., Fried M.W., Lambert S. Sequence heterogeneity within three different regions of the hepatitis G virus genome // Virology. 1999. — Vol. 255.-P. 250−259.
- Deubel V., Digoutte J.P., Monath T.P., Girard M. Genetic heterogeneity of Yellow fever virus strains from Africa and Americas // J. Gen. Virol.-1986.-Vol.67.-P.209−213.
- Droll D.A., Krishna Murthy H.M., Chambers T.J. Yellow fever virus NS2B-NS3 protease: charged-to-alanine mutagenesis and deletion analysis define regions important for protease complex formation and function // Virology. -2000. Vol. 275. — P.335−347.
- Dunster L.M., Gibson C.A. Stephenson Attenuation of virulence of flaviviruses following passage in HeLa cells // J. Gen. Virol. 1990. Vol. 71. — P. 601−607.
- Egloff M.P., Benarroch D., Selisko B. An RNA cap (nucleoside-2'-0-)-methyltransferase in the flavivirus RNA polymerase NS5: crystal structure and functional characterization // EMBO J. 2002. — Vol. 21. — P. 2757−2768.
- Falgout В., Miller R.H., Lai C.J. Deletion analysis of dengue virus type 4 nonstructural protein NS2B: identification of a domain required for NS2B-NS3 protease activity // J. Virol. 1993. — Vol. 67. — P. 2034−2042.
- Falgout В., Markoff L. Evidence that flavivirus NS1-NS2A cleavage is mediated by a membrane-bound host protease in the endoplasmic reticulum // J. Virol. 1995. — Vol. 69. — P. 7232−7243.
- Farfan J.A., Olson K.E., Black W.C. 4th Rapid characterization of genetic diversity among twelve dengue-2 virus isolates by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis // Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1997. — Vol. — 57. — P. 416−422.
- Fulop L.D., Barrett A.D., Titball R.W. Nucleotide sequence of the NS5 gene of Banzi virus: comparison with other flaviviruses // J. Gen. Virol. 1995. — Vol. 76 (Pt 9).-P. 2317−2321.
- Goto A., Hayasaka D., Yoshii D. Genetic and biological comparison of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Hokkaido and far-eastern Russia // Jpn. J. Vet. Res. 2002. — Vol. 49. — P. 297−307.
- Gritsun T.S., Liapustin V.N., Shatalov A.G. Multiple forms of the NS1 protein as the main component of the nonvirion («soluble») antigen of the tick-borne encephalitis virus // Vopr. Virusol. 1990. — Vol. 35. — P. 471−474.
- Gritsun T.S., Venugopal K., Zanotto P.M. Complete sequence of two tick-borne flaviviruses isolated from Siberia and the UK: analysis and significance of the 5' and З'-UTRs // J.Virus.Res. 1997. Vol.49. P. 27−39.
- Gritsun T.S., Desai A., Gould E.A. The degree of attenuation of tick-borne encephalitis virus depends on the cumulative effects of point mutations // J. Gen. Virol.-2001.-Vol. 82.-P. 1667−1675.
- Gritsun T. S, Lashkevich V.A., Gould E.A. Tick-borne encephalitis // J. Antiviral. Res. 2003. — Vol. 57, — P. 129−146.
- Guillemette J.G. and Lewis P.N. Detection of subnanogram quantities of DNA and RNA on native and denaturing polyacrylamide and agarose gels by silver staining // Electrophoresis. 1983, — № 4. — P. 92−94.
- Hanley KA, Lee JJ, Blaney JE Paired charge-to-alanine mutagenesis of dengue virus type 4 NS5 generates mutants with temperature-sensitive, host range, and mouse attenuation phenotypes // J. Virol. 2002. — Vol. 76. — P. 525−531.
- Harris E., Sandoval E., Xet-Mull A.M. Rapid subtyping of dengue viruses by restriction site-specific (RSS)-PCR // J. Virology. 1999. — Vol. 253. — P. 8695.
- Hasegawa H., Yoshida M., Shiosaka Т. Mutations in the envelope protein of Japanese encephalitis virus affect entry into cultured cells and virulence in mice//Virology. 1992, — Vol. 191.-P. 158−165.
- Hayasaka D., Suzuki Y., Kariwa H. Phylogenetic and virulence analysis of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Japan and far-Eastern Russia // J. Gen. Virol. 1999.-Vol. 80 (Pt 12).-P. 3127−3135.
- Hayasaka D., Ivanov L., Leonova G.N. et. al. Distribution and characterization of tick-borne encephalitis viruses from Siberia and far-eastern Asia // J. Gen. Virol. -2001.-Vol. 82.-P. 1319−1328.
- Hawkins G.A., Hoffman L.M. Base excision sequencescanning // Nat. Biotechnol. 1997. — Vol. 15. — P. 803−804.
- Heiman M., Webcutter.// 1997, /http://www.firstmarket.com/cutter cut2.html.
- Heinz FX, Kunz C. Homogeneity of the structural glycoprotein from European isolates of tick-borne encephalitis virus: comparison with other flaviviruses // J. Gen. Virol. 1981. — Vol. 57. — P. 263−274.
- Heinz F.X., Mandl C.W. The molecular biology of tick-borne encephalitis virus//APMIS.- 1993.-Vol. 101.-P. 735−745.
- Henchal E.A., Henchal L.S., Thaisomboonsuk B.K. Topological mapping of unique epitopes on the dengue-2 virus NS1 protein using monoclonal antibodies // J. Gen. Virol. 1987. — Vol. 68(Pt3). — P. 845−851.
- Higgs S., Gould E.A. Differences in fusogenicity and mouse neurovirulence of Japanese encephalitis viruses // Arch. Virol. 1991. — Vol. 119. — P. 119−133.
- Holzmann H., Heinz F.X., Mandl С. A single amino acid substitution in envelope protein E of tick-borne encephalitis virus leads to attenuation in the mouse model//J. Virol. 1990. — Vol. 64.-P. 5156−5159.
- Holzmann H., Stiasny К., Ecker M. Characterization of monoclonal antibody-escape mutants of tick-borne encephalitis virus with reduced neuroinvasiveness in mice//J. Gen. Virol. 1997. — Vol. 78.-P. 31−37.
- Hori H. Oligonucleotide fingerprint analysis on Japanese encephalitis virus strains of different geographic origin // Trop. Med.-1986.-Vol.28.-P.179−190.
- Hori H., Lai C.J. Cleavage of dengue virus NS1-NS2A requires an octapeptide sequence at the С terminus of NS1 // J. Virol. 1990. — Vol. 64. — P. 45 734 577.
- Iizuka N.M., Kohara K., Hagino-Yamagishi S. Construction of less neurovirulent polioviruses by introducing deletions into the 5' noncoding sequence of the genome // J. Virol. 1989. — Vol. 63. — P. 5354−5363.
- Innis M.A. Gelfand D.H. Optimization of PCRs. In: PCR Protocols (Innis, Gelfand, Sninsky and White, eds.) — Academic Press, New York, 1990. P. 312.
- Jiang W.R., Lowe A., Higgs S. Single amino acid codon changes detected in louping ill virus antibody-resistant mutants with reduced neurovirulence // J. Gen. Virol. 1993.-Vol. 74.-P. 931−935.
- Khromykh A.A., Meka H., Guyatt K.J., Westaway E.G. Essential role of cyclization sequences in flavivirus RNA replication // J. Virol. 2001. -Vol.75.-P. 6719−6728.
- Kinney R.M., Chang G.-J.J., Tsuchiya J.M. Attenuation of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus strain TC-83 is encoded by the 5'-noncoding region and the E2 envelope glycoprotein // J. Virol. 1993. — Vol. 67. — P. 1269−1277.
- Koonin E.V. Computer-assisted identification of a putative methyltransferase domain in NS5 protein of flaviviruses and lambda 2 protein of reovirus // J. Gen. Virol. 1993. — Vol. 74 (Pt 4). — P. 733−40.
- Krekulova L., Rehak V., Wakil A.E. Nested Restriction Site-Specific PCR To Detect and Type Hepatitis С Virus (HCV): a Rapid Method To Distinguish HCV Subtype lb from Other Genotypes // J. Clin. Microbiol. 2001. — Vol. 39.- P. 1774−1780.
- Kummerer B.M., Rice C.M. Mutations in the yellow fever virus nonstructural protein NS2A selectively block production of infectious particles // J. Virol. -2002. Vol. 76. — P. 4773−4784.
- Kuno G., Chang G.J., Tsuchiya R. Phylogeny of the Genus Flavivirus // J. Virol. 1998. — Vol. 72. — P. 73−83.
- Lai C.J., Zhao B.T., Hori H. Infectious RNA transcribed from stably cloned full-length cDNA of dengue type 4 virus // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1991. -Vol. 88.-P. 5139−5143.
- Lai C.J., Pethel M., Jan L.R. et. al. Processing of dengue type 4 and other flavivirus nonstructural proteins // J. Arch. Virol. Suppl. 1994. — Vol. 9. — P. 359−368.
- Lamballerie X., Crochu S., Billoir F. et. al. Genome sequence analysis of Tamana bat virus and its relationship with the genus Flavivirus // J. Gen. Virol. 2002. — Vol. 83(Pt 10). — P. 2443−2454.
- Lareu R.R., Swanson N.R., Fox S.A. Rapid and sensitive genotyping of hepatitis С virus by single-strand conformation polymorfism // J. Virol. Methods.-1997.-Vol. 64.-P. 11−18.
- Lee E., Lobigs M. Substitutions at the putative receptor-binding site of an encephalitic flavivirus alter virulence and host cell tropism and reveal a role for glycosaminoglycans in entry // J. Virol. 2000a. — Vol. 74. — P. 8867−8875.
- Lee E., Stocks C.E., Amberg S.M. Mutagenesis of the signal sequence of yellow fever virus prM protein: enhancement of signalase cleavage In vitro is lethal for virus production // J. Virol. 20 006. — Vol. 74. — P. 24−32.
- Lee E., Lobigs M. Mechanism of virulence attenuation of glycosaminoglycan-binding variants of Japanese encephalitis virus and Murray Valley encephalitis virus // J. Virol. 2002. — 76. — P. 4901−4911.
- Leitmeyer K.C., Vaughn D.W., Watts D.M. Dengue virus structural differences that correlate with pathogenesis // J. Virol. 1999. — Vol. 73. — P. 4738−4747.
- Leyssen P., Charlier N., Lemey P. Complete genome sequence, taxonomic assignment, and comparative analysis of the untranslated regions of the Modoc virus, a flavivirus with no known vector // J. Virology. 2002. — Vol. 293(1). -P. 125−140.
- Li H., Clum S., You S. The serine protease and RNA-stimulated nucleoside triphosphatase and RNA helicase functional domains of dengue virus type 2 NS3 converge within a region of 20 amino acids // J. Virol. 1999. — Vol. 73. -P. 3108−3116.
- Li G., Ma H.H., Lau G.K. et. al. Prevalence of hepatitis G virus infection and homology of different viral strains in Southern China // World J. Gastroenterol. -2002. Vol. 8(6). P. 1081−1087.
- Lin C., Amberg S.M., Chambers T.J. Cleavage at a novel site in the NS4A region by the yellow fever virus NS2B-3 proteinase is a prerequisite for processing at the downstream 4A/4B signalase site // J. Virol. 1993. — Vol. 67.-P. 2327−2335.
- Lin D., Li L., Dick D. et. al. Analysis of the complete genome of the tick-borne flavivirus Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus // J. Virology. 2003. — Vol. 313 (1). -P. 81−90.
- Lindenbach BD, Rice CM. Genetic interaction of flavivirus nonstructural proteins NS1 and NS4A as a determinant of replicase function // J. Virol. -1999. Vol. 73. — P. 4611−4621.
- Lobigs M, Usha R., Nestorowicz A. Host cell selection of Murray Valley encephalitis virus variants altered at an RGD sequence in the envelope protein and in mouse virulence // Virology. 1990. — Vol. 176. — P. 587−595.
- Lobigs M. Flavivirus premembrane protein cleavage and spike heterodimer secretion require the function of the viral proteinase NS3 // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1993. — Vol. 90(13). — P. 6218−6222.
- Mackenzie J.M., Khromykh A.A., Jones M.K. Subcellular localization and some biochemical properties of the flavivirus Kunjin nonstructural proteins NS2A and NS4A // Virology. 1998. — Vol. 245. — P. 203−215.
- Mandl C.W., Hainz F.X., Kunz C. Sequence of the structural proteins of tick-borne encephalitis virus (western subtype) and comparative analysis with other flaviviruses // Virology. 1988. — Vol. 166. — P. 197−205.
- Mandl C.W., Guirakhoo F., Holzmann H. Antigenic structure of the flavivirus envelope protein E at the molecular level, using tick-borne encephalitis virus as a model//J. Virol. 1989a. — Vol. 63.-P. 564−571.
- Mandl C.W., Heinz F.X., Stockl E. Genome sequence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (Western subtype) and comparative analysis of nonstructural proteins with other flaviviruses // Virology. 19 896. — Vol. 173. — P. 291 -301.
- Mandl C.W., Kunz C., Heinz F.X. Presence of poly (A) in a flavivirus: significant differences between the 3' noncoding regions of the genomic RNAs of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains // J. Virol. 1991. — Vol. 65. — P. 40 704 077.
- Mandl C.W., Holzmann H., Meixner T. Spontaneous and engineered deletions in the 3' noncoding region of tick-borne encephalitis virus: construction ofhighly attenuated mutants of a flavivirus J. Virol. 1998. — Vol. 72. — P. 21 322 140.
- Mandl C.W., Allison S.L., Holzman H. Attenuation of tick-borne encephalitis virus by structure-based site-specific mutagenesis of a putative flavivirus receptor binding site // J. Virol. 2000. — Vol. 74. — P. 9601−9609.
- Marin M. S., Mandl C. W., Kunz C., Heinz F. X. The flavivirus З'-noncoding region: extensive size heterogeneity independent of evolutionary relationships among strains of tick-borne encephalitis virus // J. Virology. 1995. — Vol. 213.-P. 169−178.
- Markoff L. In vitro processing of dengue virus structural proteins: cleavage of the pre-membrane protein//J. Virol. 1989.-Vol. 63.-P. 3345−3352.
- Markoff L., Falgout В., Chang A. A conserved internal hydrophobic domain mediates the stable membrane integration of the dengue virus capsid protein // Virology. 1997. — Vol. 23. — P. 105−117.
- Marsh M., Helenius A. Virus entry into animal cells // Adv. Virus Res. 1989. -P. 107−151.
- Marshall D.J., Heisler L.M., Lyamichev V. Determination of hepatitis С virus genotypes in the United States by cleavase fragment length polymorphism analysis//J. Clin. Microbiol. 1997. — Vol. 35.-P. 3156−3162.
- Matusan A.E., Pryor M.J., Davidson A.D. Mutagenesis of the Dengue virus type 2 NS3 protein within and outside helicase motifs: effects on enzyme activity and virus replication//!. Virol. 2001. — Vol. 75. — P. 9633−9643.
- McMinn P.C., Marshall I.D., Dalgarno L. Neurovirulence and neuroinvasiveness of Murray Valley encephalitis virus mutants selected by passage in a monkey kidney cell line // J. Gen. Virol. 1995. — Vol. 76. — P. 865−872.
- McMinn P.C., Weir R.S., Dalgarno L. A mouse-attenuated envelope protein variant of Murray Valley encephalitis virus with altered fusion activity // J. Gen. Virol. 1996a. — Vol. 77. — P. 2085−2088.
- McMinn P.С., Dalgarno L.A., Weir R.S. A comparison of the spread of Murray Valley encephalitis viruses of high or low neuroinvasiveness in the tissues of Swiss mice after peripheral inoculation // Virology. 19 966. — Vol. 220.-P. 414−423.
- McMinn P.C. The molecular basis of virulence of the encephalitogenic flaviviruses // J. Gen. Virol. 1997. — Vol. 78. — P. 2711−2722.
- Mota J., Ramos-Castaneda J., Rico-Hesse R. Phylogenetic analysis of the envelope protein (domain III) of dengue 4 viruses // Salud Publica Мех. -2002.-Vol. 44.-P. 228−236.
- Muir P., Kammerer U., Korn K. Molecular typing of enteroviruses: current status and future requirements. The European Union Concerted Action on Virus Meningitis and Encephalitis // Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 1998. — Vol. 11.-P. 202−227.
- Murphy F.A. Togavirus morphology and morphogenesis // The Togaviruses // Ed. by R.W. Schlesinger. New York: Acad.Press. — 1980. — C.8. — P.241−316.
- Mutebi J.P., Barrett A.D. The epidemiology of yellow fever in Africa // J. Microbes Infect. 2002. — Vol. 4. — P. 1459−1468.
- Muylaert I.R., Chambers T.J., Galler R Mutagenesis of the N-linked glycosylation sites of the yellow fever virus NS1 protein: effects on virus replication and mouse neurovirulence // Virology. 1996. — Vol. 222. — P. 159−168.
- Nakao Т., Enomoto N., Takada N. et.al. Typing of hepatitis С virus genomes by restriction fragment length polimorphism // J. Gen. Virol. 1991. — Vol. -72.-P. 2105−2112.
- Neyts J., Leyssen P., De Clercq. E. Infections with flaviviridae // Verh. К Acad. Geneeskd. Belg. 1999. Vol. 61(6). P. 661−97- discussion 697−9.
- Ni H., Chang G.-J.J., Xie H. Molecular basis of attenuation of neurovirulence of wild-type Japanese encephalitis virus strain SA14 // J. Gen. Virol. 1995. -Vol. 76.-P. 409−413.
- Nowak Т., Wengler G. Analysis of disulfides present in the membrane proteins of the West Nile flavivirus//Virology. 1987. -Vol. 156.-P. 127−137.
- Olsthoorn R.C., Bol J.F. Sequence comparison and secondary structure analysis of the 3' noncoding region of flavivirus genomes reveals multiple pseudoknots // J. RNA. 2001. — Vol.7. — P. 1370−1377.
- Pethel M, Falgout B, Lai CJ. Mutational analysis of the octapeptide sequence motif at the NS1-NS2A cleavage junction of dengue type 4 virus // J. Virol.1992. Vol. 66. — P. 7225−7231.
- Pletnev A.G., Yamshchikov V.F., Blinov V.M. Nucleotide sequence of the genome and complete amino acid sequence of the polyprotein of tick-borne encephalitis virus //J. Virology. 1990. — Vol. 174(1).-P. 250−263.
- Pletnev A.G., Bray M., Lai C.J. Chimeric tick-borne encephalitis and dengue type 4 viruses: effects of mutations on neurovirulence in mice // J. Virol.1993. Vol. 67. — P. 4956−4963.
- Poidinger M., Hall R.A., Lindsay M.D. The molecular epidemiology of Kokobera virus // J. Virus Res. 2000. — Vol. 68(1). — P. 7−13.
- Prikhod’ko G.G., Prikhod’ko E.A. Pletnev A.G. Langat flavivirus protease NS3 binds caspase-8 and induces apoptosis // J. Virol. 2002. — Vol. 76. — P. 5701−5710.
- Proutski V., Gould E.A., Holmes E.C. Secondary structure of the 3' untranslated region of flaviviruses: similarities and differences // J. Nucleic Acids Res. 1997. — Vol. 25. — P. 1194−1202.
- Pugachev K.V., Nomokonova N.Y., Dobrikova E.Yu. Site-directed mutagenesis of the tick-borne encephalitis virus NS3 gene reveals the putativeserine protease domain of the NS3 protein // FEBS Lett. 1993. — Vol. 328. -P. 115−118.
- Purcell R.H. Hepatitis С Virus: An Introduction // NIH Consensus Development Conference on Management of Hepatitis C. Bithesda, Merylend, March 24−26, 1997. P. 12−15.
- Rauscher S., Flamm C., Mandl C.W. Secondary structure of the З'-noncoding region of flavivirus genomes: comparative analysis of base pairing probabilities // RNA. 1997. — Vol. 3. — P. 779−791.
- Reed K.E., Gorbalenya A.E., Rice C.M. The NS5A/NS5 proteins of viruses from three genera of the family flaviviridae are phosphorylated by associated serine/threonine kinases // J. Virol. 1998. — Vol. 72. — P. 6199−6206.
- Rey F.A., Heinz F.X., Mandl C. The envelope glycoprotein from tick-borne encephalitis virus at 2 A resolution // Nature. 1995. — Vol. 375. — P. 291−298.
- Rice C.M. Flaviridae: the viruses and their replication In Fields Virology 3 edn (Fields, N.B., Knipe, D.M. & Howley, P.M. eds), Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, 1996. P. 931−959,
- Rosario D., Alvarez M., Diaz J. Polymerase chain reaction for rapid detection and serotyping of dengue virus in clinical samples // Rev. Panam. Salud. Publica. 1998. — Vol. 4. — P. 1−5.
- Saitou N., Nei M. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees // J. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1987. — Vol. 4. — P. 406−425.
- Sang R.C., Gichogo A., Gachoya J. Isolation of a new flavivirus related to cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) from field-collected flood-water Aedes mosquitoes sampled from a dambo in central Kenya // Arch. Virol. 2003. — Vol. 148. — P. 1085−1093.
- Santos C.N., Post P.R., Carvalho R. Complete nucleotide sequence of yellow fever virus vaccine strains 17DD and 17D-213 // Virus Res. 1995. — Vol. 35. -P. 35−41.
- Schafer С., Hahn M., OschmannJP. Tick ecology and epidemiology// In: Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis. P. Oschmann, P. Kraiczy, J. Halperin, V. Brade. Bremen, Germany, 1999. — P. 20−30.
- Schumm J. et.al. Identification of More Than 500 RFLPs by Screening Random Genomic Clones // Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1988. — Vol. 42. — P. 143 159.
- Sehgal A., Dutta A.K. Changing perspectives in Japanese encephalitis in India //J. Trop. Doct. 2003. Vol. 33(3). P. 131−134.
- Shi P.Y., Kramer L.D. Molecular detection of West Nile virus RNA // J. Expert. Rev. Mol. Diagn. 2003. — Vol. 3(3). — P. 357.
- Stadler K., Allison S.L., Schalich J. Proteolytic activation of tick-borne encephalitis virus by furin // J. Virol. 1997. — Vol.71. — No.ll. — P. 84 758 481.
- Strauss J.H., Strauss E.G. Togaviruses // The molecular Biology of Animal Viruses // Ed. by Nayak D.P. N.Y.: Dekker, 1977. — P. 111−166.
- Studier J.A., Keppler K.J. A note on the neighbor-joining algorithm of Saitou and Nei.//J. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1988. -Vol. 5.-P. 729−731.
- Sumiyoshi H., Tignor G.H., Shope R.E. Characterization of a highly attenuated Japanese encephalitis virus generated from molecularly cloned cDNA // J. Infect. Dis.- 1995.-Vol. 171.-P. 1144−1151.
- Takashima I., Morita K., Chiba M. et.al. A case of tick-borne encephalitis in Japan and isolation of the virus // J. Clin. Microbiol. 1997. — Vol.35. — P. 1943−1947.
- Tan B.H., Fu J., Sugrue R.J., Yap E.H., Chan Y.C., Tan Y.H. Recombinant dengue type 1 virus NS5 protein expressed in Escherichia coli exhibits RNAdependent RNA polymerase activity // J. Virology. 1996. — Vol. 216. — P. 317−325.
- Teo K.F., Wright P.J. Internal proteolysis of the NS3 protein specified by dengue virus 2 // J. Gen. Virol. 1997. — Vol. 78. P. 337−3341.
- Ternovoi V.A., Kurzhukov G.P., Sokolov Y.V. Tick-borne encephalitis with hemorrhagic syndrome, novosibirsk region, Russia, 1999 // Emerg. Infect. Dis. -2003.-Vol. 9.-P. 743−746.
- Trent D.W., Grant J.A., Vorndam A.V., Monath T.P. Genetic heterogenety among Saint Louis encephalitis virus isolates of different geographic origin // Virology.-1981.-Vol. 114. -P.319−332.
- Trent D.W., Grant J.A., Rosen L., Monath T.P. Genetic variation among dengue 2 viruses of different geographic origin // Virology.-1983.-Vol. 128.-P.271−284.
- Tsekhanovskaya N.A., Matveev L.E., Rubin S.G. Epitope analysis of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) complex viruses using monoclonal antibodies to envelope glycoprotein of TBE virus (persulcatus subtype) // Virus Res. 1993. -Vol. 30.-P. 1−16.
- Valle R.F., Falgout B. Mutagenesis of the NS3 protease of dengue virus type 2 // J. Virol. 1998. — Vol. 72. — P. 624−632.
- Van de Peer Y. I I 1997,-http://www.plantgenetics.rug.ac.be/bioinformatics/yvdp/treeconw.html
- Vorndam V., Kuno G., Rosado N. A PCR-restriction enzyme technique for determining dengue virus subgroups within serotypes //J. Virol. Methods. -1994.-Vol. 48.-P. 237−244.
- Wallner G., Mandl C.W., Ecker M. Characterization and complete genome sequences of high- and low- virulence variants of tick-borne encephalitis virus // J. Gen. Virol. 1996. — Vol. 77. — P. 1035−1042.
- Westaway E.G., Brinton M.A., Gaidamovich S.Y., et.al. Flaviviridae // Intervirology. 1985. -Vol. 24.-P. 183−192.
- Westaway E.G., Mackenzie J.M., Kenney M.T. Ultrastructure of Kunjin virus-infected cells: colocalization of NS1 and NS3 with double-stranded RNA, and of NS2B with NS3, in virus-induced membrane structures // J. Virol. 1997. -Vol. 71.-P. 6650−6661.
- Westaway, E. G., and J. Blok. Taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of flaviviruses // In D. J. Gubler, and G. Kuno (ed.), Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever. CAB International, Wallingford, England, 1997. P. 147 173.
- Whitehead S.S., Falgout В., Hanley K.A. A live, attenuated dengue virus type 1 vaccine candidate with a 30-nucleotide deletion in the 3' untranslated region is highly attenuated and immunogenic in monkeys // J. Virol. 2003. — Vol. 77.-P. 1653−1657.
- Wildy P. Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses // First Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 1971. — Monogr. Virol. -Vol. 5.-P. 1−65.
- Xie H., Ryman K.D., Campbell G. A Mutation in NS5 protein attenuates mouse neurovirulence of yellow fever 17D vaccine virus // J. Gen. Virol. 1998. -Vol. 79. — P. 1895−1899.
- Yang J.-S., Ramanathan M.P., Muthumani K. Induction of inflamation by West Nile virus capsid through the caspase-9 apoptotic pathway // J. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 2002. — Vol. 8. — P. 1379−1384.
- Yamshchikov V.F., Compans R.W. Regulation of the late events in flavivirus protein processing and maturation // J. Virology. 1993. — Vol. 192(1). — P. 38−51.
- Yamshchikov V.F., Compans R.W. Processing of the intracellular form of the West Nile virus capsid protein by the viral protease: an in vitro study // J. Virol. 1994. — Vol.68. — P. 5765−5771.
- Yasui K. Neuropathogenesis of Japanese encephalitis virus // J. Neurovirol. -2002.-Vol. 8.-P. 112−114.117