Экспериментальное исследование нейропротекторных свойств афобазола
Диссертация
Исследования показали значительную активацию каспазы-3 в клетках, поврежденных глутаматом. Эти результаты согласуются с данными о присутствии каспазы-3 в зоне ишемического повреждения (Zhu Н.С. et al, 2004). К тому же было установлено, что внесение афобазола в конечной концентрации 10″ 8 М препятствует гиперактивации каспазы-3. При этом добавление афобазола к интактным клеткам также не приводило… Читать ещё >
Список литературы
- Арушанян Э.Б. Хронофармакология на рубеже веков. Ставрополь, 2005.
- Бадыштов Б.А., Косенков Е. И., Середенин С. Б. // Бюлл. экспер. биол. -1988.-№ 3.-С. 289−291.
- Баласанян М.Г. Изучение роли оксида азота в механизмах нейропротекторного и анксиолитического действия афобазола в сравнительном аспекте. // Дис. д-ра фарм. наук. Ереван. 2003.
- Болдырев A.A. Окислительный стресс и мозг. // Биология. 2001.- Т. 7 (4).- С. 21−28.
- Бородин П.М., Шюллер Л., Беляев Д. К. Проблемы генетики стресса. Сообщение 1. Генетический анализ поведения мышей в стрессовой ситуации // Генетика. 1976. — № 12. — С. 62−71.
- Галаева И.П., Гарибова Т. Л., Воронина Т. А., Середенин С.Б.' Исследование нейропротекторных свойств афобазола на экспериментальной модели геморрагического инсульта // Бюлл. экспер. биол. и мед. 2005. — Т. 140 (11). — С. 545−548.
- Гусев Е.И., Скворцова В. И. Ишемия головного мозга.- М.: Медицина. -2001.-328 с.
- Дамулин И.В., Парфенов В. А., Скоромец A.A., Яхно H.H. Нарушения кровообращения в головном и спинном мозге. Болезни нервной системы. Руководство для врачей. М.- 2003.- С. 231−302.
- Захаров В.В., Яхно H.H. Лечение острой и хронической церебральной ишемии. // Клинические руководства и рекомендации.- 2004.- № 14, — С. 88−92.
- Ю.Мирзоян P.C., Топчан A.B. Баласанян М. Г. Локальная ишемия мозга крыс, вызванная перевязкой средней мозговой артерии. // Эксперим. и клин, фармакол.- 1996.-Т.59 (5). С.62−64.
- Мягких М.В., Катуков В. Ю., Посыпанова Г. А., Шмырев И. И. и др. Фактор роста нервов. Нейротрофины. структура и функции. // Нейрохимия.- 1998.-Т.15 (2)-С. 106−115.
- Незнамов Г. Г., Сюняков С. А., Чумаков Д. В., Маметова Л. Э. Новый селективный анксиолитик афобазол. // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии. 2005.- 4. — С. 35−40.
- Середенин С.Б., Бадыштов Б. А., Никитина М. Н., Розен В. Д. Изменения уровня кортикостерона в плазме крови инбредных мышей после стресса. // Бюл. экспер. биол. и мед. -1982. № 8. — С. 36−37.
- Середенин С.Б., Бадыштов Б. А., Егоров Д. Ю. Исследование содержания продуктов перекисного окисления липидов у инбредных мышей с различным типом эмоционально-стрессовой реакции. // Бюл. экспер. биол. и мед. 1989. — N7. — С.46−48.
- Середенин С.Б., Воронина Т. А., Незнамов Г. Г., Бледнов Ю. А. и др. Фармакогенетическая концепция анксиоселективного эффекта. // Современные проблемы фармакологии. 1998. — № 11. — С. 3−9.
- Силкина И.В., Александрии В. В., Ганьшина Т. С., Середенин С. Б., Мирзоян Р. С. Усиление кровоснабжения ишемизированного мозга под влиянием афобазола. // Экспериментальная и клиническая фармакология. 2004. — Т. 67 (5). — С. 9−12.
- Силкина И.В. Анализ цереброваскулярных и нейропротекторных эффектов афобазола. // Дисс. канд. биол. наук. Москва. 2005.
- Скворцова В.И. Реперфузионная терапия ишемического инсульта // Consilium Medicum. 2004. — Т. 6 (8). — С.
- Фильченков А.А. Каспазы: регуляторы апоптоза и других клеточных функций. // Биохимия.- 2003.- Т. 68.- вып. 4.- С. 453−466.
- Чекалина Н.Д. Нейротрофические факторы и рецепторы к ним. // Нейрохимия. 1997. — Т.14. — вып.1. — С. 30−38.
- Alderson R.F., Alterman A.L., Barde Y.A., Lindsay R.M. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor increases survival and differentiated functions of rat septal cholinergic neurons in culture. // Neuron. -1990. -V.3. P. 297−306.
- Alt A., Nisenbaum E.S., Bleakman D., Witkin J.M. A role for AMPA receptors in mood disorders. // Biochem Pharmacol.- 2006.
- Altar C.A., Whitehead R.E., Chen R., Wortwein G., Madsen T.M. Effects of electroconvulsive seizures and antidepressant drugs on brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in rat brain. // Biol Psychiatry. 2003. — V. 54(7). — P. 703−709.
- Armanini M.P., McMahon S.B., Sutherland J., Shelton D.L., Phillips H.S. Truncated and catalytic isoforms of trkB are coexpressed in neurons of rat and mouse CNS. // Neurosci. 1995. — V.7. — P. 1403−1409.
- Astrup J., Siesjo B.K., Symon L. Thresholds in cerebral ischemia the ischemic penumbra. // Stroke. — 1981. — V. 12. — P. 723−725.
- Barbany G., Persson H. Regulation of neurotrophin mRNA expression in the rat brain by glucocorticoids. // Eur. J. Neurosci. 1992. — V. 4.- P. 396−403. •
- Barde Y.A., Edgar D., Thoenen H. Purification of a new neurotrophic factor from mammalian brain. // EMBO. -1982. -V.l. P. 549−553.
- Barrett G.L. The p75 neurotrophin receptor and neuronal apoptosis. // Prog. Neurobiol. -2000. V.61. -P. 205−229.
- Behl C., Davis J.B., Klier F.G., Shubert D. Amyloid b peptide induces necrosis rather than apoptosis. // Brain Res. 1994.- V. 645.- P. 253−264.
- Berridge M.J. Phosphoinositides and signal transductions // Triangi. 1985. — V.3 (4). — P. 79−90.
- Bessho Y., Nakanishi S., Nawa H. Glutamate receptor agonists enhance the expression of BDNF mRNA in cultured cerebellar granule cells. // Mol. Brain. Res. 1993. — V. 18(3).- P. 201−208.
- Bishop J., Mueller G., Mouradian M. Alternate 5 exons in the rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene: differential patterns of expression across brain regions.// Mol. Brain Res. 1994. — V. 26. — P. 225−232.
- BiVo S., Venhauser M., Carter B.D., Barde Y.A. Selective binding and internalisation by truncated receptors restrict availability of BDNF during development. // Development. 1995. — V. 121. — P. 2461−2470.
- Bothwell M. Functional interactions of neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors. // Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1995. — V. 18. — P. 223−253.
- Broadhurst P.L. The Maudsley reactive and nonreactive strains of rats: survay. Behav. Genet. 1975.- V. 5.- P. 299−319.
- Buchman V.L., Davies A.M. Different neurotropnins are expressed and act in a developmental sequence to promote the survival of embryonic sensory neurons. //Development 118. 1993.-P. 989−1001.
- Castren E., Zafra F., Thoenen H., Lindholm D. Light regulates expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in rat visual cortex.// Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.- 1992.- V. 89.- P. 9444−9448.
- Castren E. Neurotophins as mediators of drug effects on mood, addiction and neuroprotection. // Mol. Neurobiology. 2004. — V. 29(3).- P. 289−301.
- Chao M.V. Neurotrophins and their receptors: a convergence point for many signalling pathways. // Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2003. — V.4. — P. 299−309.
- Choi D. W. Calcium: still center-stage in hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death // Trends Neurosci. -1995. V. 18. — P.58−60.
- Clement Y., Catalaayud F., Belzung C. Genetic basis of anxiety-like behaviour: A critical review. Brain Research Bulletin. 2002. — V. 57 (1). -P. 57−71.
- Cohen, G. M. Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis. // Biochem. J. -1997.-326.- P. 1−16.
- Conover J.C., Yancopoulos G.D. et al. Neurotrophin regulation of the developing nervous system: analyses of knockout mice. // Rev Neurosci. -1997.-V. 8(1).-P. 13−27.
- Davies A.M., Horton A., Burton L.E. et all. Neurotrophin-4/5 is a mammalian-specific survival factor for distinct populations of sensory neurons.//Neurosci.-1993.-V. 13.-P. 4961−4967.
- De Luca A., Welter M., Frei K. et al. Maturation-dependent modulation of apoptosis in cultured cerebellar granule neurons by cytokines and neurotrophins // Eur. J. Neurosci. 1996. — V. 8(9). — P. 1994−2005.
- Dechant G., Barde Y.A. The neurotrophin receptor p75 (NTR): novel functions and implications for diseases of the nervous system. // Nat. Neurosci. -2002. V. 5. — P. l 131 -1136.
- Deshmukh M., Vasilakos J., Deckwerth T. L. et al. Genetic and metabolic status of NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons saved by an inhibitor of ICE family proteases// J. Cell. Biol. 1996. — V. 135(5). — P. 1341−1354.
- Drejer J., Sheardown M., Nielsen E.G., Honore T. Glycine reverses the effect of HA-966 on NMDA responses in cultured rat cortical neurons and in chick retina.// Neurosci. -1989. -V. 98. -P. 333−338.
- Dugich-Djordjevic M.M., Tocco G., Willoughby D.A., Najm I. et al. BDNF mRNA expression in the developing rat brain following kainic acid induced seizure activity. // Neuron. 1992. — V. 8.- P. 1127−1138.
- Duman R., Heninger G.R., Nestler E.J. A molecular and cellular theory of depression // Biol. Psychiatry. 1997. — V. 54. — P. 597−606.
- Duman R. Novel therapeutic approaches beyond the serotonin receptor. // Biol. Psychiatry. 1998. — V. 44. — P. 324−335.
- Duman R., Malberg J., Nakagawa S., D’Sa C. Neuronal plasticity and survival in mood disorders. // Psychiatry. 2000. — V. 48. — P. 713−714.
- Duman R. Introduction: theories of depression from monoamines to neuroplasticity. In. Neuroplasticity. A new approach to the pathophysiology of depression. Ed. J.P.Olie, C.E. Silva and J.P.Macher. // Science Press Ltd.--2004.- P. 1−11.
- Esch T., Stefano G., Fricchione G., Benson H. The role of stress in neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders. // Neuroendocrinology Letters.-2002.- 23.-P. 199−208.
- Egan M.F., Kojima M., Callicott J.H. et all. The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function. // Cell. 2003. — V. 112. — P. 257−269.
- Eichenbaum H., Dudchenko P., Wood E., Shapiro M., Tanila H. The hippocampus, memory, and place cells: is it spatial memory or a memory space? // Neuron. 1999. — V. 23. — P. 209−226.
- Eide F.F., Vining E.R., Eide B.L. et all. Naturally occurring truncated trkB receptors have dominant inhibitory effects on brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling. // Neurosci. 1996. — V. 16. — P. 3123−3129.
- Erecinska M., Silver I.A. Loss of neuronal calcium homeostasis in ischemia. In: Primer on cerebrovascular diseases (Welch K.M.A., Reis D., Caplan L.R. et all.). New York. -1997. -P. 178−183.
- Fernando P., Kelly J.F., Balazsi K., Slack R.S., Megeney L.A. caspase-3 activity is required for skeletal muscle differentiation. // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.- 2002.- 99.- P. 11 025−11 030.
- Finkbeiner S., Tavazoie S.F., Maloratsky A., Jacobs K.M., Harris K.M., Greenberg M.E. CREB: a major mediator of neuronal neurotrophin responses. //Neuron. 1997. — V. 19(5). — P. 1031−1047.
- Gibbs R.B. Levels of trkA and BDNF mRNA, but not NGF mRNA, fluctuate across the estrous cycle and increase in response to acute hormone replacement. // Brain Res. 1998. — V. 787. — P. 259−268.
- Gibbs R.B. Treatment with estrogen and progesterone affects relative levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and protein in different regions of the adult rat brain. // Brain Res. 1999. — V. 844. — P. 20−27.
- Gilad G.M., Gilad V.H., Strain, stress, neurodegeneration and longevity. // Mechan. Ageing Develop. 1995. — V. 78. — P. 75−83.
- Gold S.M., Mohr D.C., Huitinga I. et al. The role of stress-response systems for the pathogenesis and progression of MS. // Trends Immunol. 2005.- V. 26(12).- P. 644−652.
- Good M., Day M., Muir J.L. Cyclical changes in endogenous levels of oestrogen modulate the induction of LTD and LTP in the hippocampal CA1 region. // Eur. J. Neurosci. 1999. — V. 11. — P. 4476- 4480.
- Gotz R., Koster R., Winkler C., Raulf F., Lottspeich F., Schartl M., Thoenen H. Neurotrophin-6 is a new member of the nerve growth factor family. // Nature. 1994. — V. 372. — P. 266−269.
- Gould E., Tanapat P. Stress and hippocampal neurogenesis. // Biol. Psychiatry.-1999. V. 46. — P. 1472−1479.
- Graeber M.B., Moran L.B. Mechanisms of cell death in neurodegenerative diseases: fashion, fiction and facts. // Brain Pathol. 2002. V. 12.- P. 385 390.
- Green A.R., Hainsworth A. H. and Jackson D. M. GABA potentiation: a logical pharmacological approach for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. //Neuropharmacol. 2000. — V. 39. — P. 1483−1494.
- Gulyaeva N.V., Kudryashov I.E., Kudryashova I.V. Caspase activity is essential for long-term potentiation. // J. Neurosci. Res.- 2003, — V. 73.- P. 853−864.
- Haddad G.G., Jiang C. 02 deprivation in the central nervous system: on mechanisms of neuronal response, differential sensitivity and injury // Prog. Neurobiol. -1993. -V. 40(3). P. 277−318.
- Hakim A.M., Shoubridge E.A. Cerebral acidosis in focal ischemia. // Cerebrovasc. Brain Metab. Rev. 1989. — VI. -P. 115−132.
- Hall C.S. Emotional behavior in the rat. // J. Comp. Phisiol.- 1934.- V.18-(2).- P. 385.
- Hallbook F., Ibanez C.F., Persson H. Evolutionary studies of the nerve growth factor family reveals a novel member abundantly expressed in Xenopus ovary. // Neuron. 1991. — V. 6. — P. 845−858.
- Haniu M., Talvenheimo J., Le J., Katta V., Welcher A., Rohde M.F. Extracellular domain of neurotrophin receptor trkB: disulWde structure, N-glycosylation sites, and ligand binding. // Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1995. -V.322.-P. 256−264.
- Hansen M.B., Nielsen S.E., Berg K. Re-examination and further development of a precise and rapid dye method for measuring cell growth/cell kill. // J. Immunol. Meth.- 1989.- V. 119. P. 203−210.
- Hansson A.C., Sommer W.H., Metsis M., Stromberg I., Agnati L.F., Fuxe-K. Corticosterone actions on the hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression are mediated by exon IV Promoter. // J. Neuroendocrinol. -2006.-V. 18(2).-P. 104−114.
- Hashimoto K., Shimizu E., Iyo M. Critical role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mood disorders. // Brain Res. Rev. 2004.- V. 45.- P. 104−114.
- Hegstad E., Berg-Johnsen J., Haustad T.S., Hauglie-Hanssen E., Langmoen I.A. Amino-acid release from human cerebral cortex during simulated ischaemia in vitro //Acta neurochir. -1996. -V 138(2). -P. 234−241.
- Hempstead B.L. The many faces of p75NTR. // Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. -2002. V. 12. — P.260−267.
- Henderson C.E. Role of neurotrophic factors in neuronal development. // Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 1996. — V.6. — P. 64−70.
- Heumann R. Neurotrophin signaling. // Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. -1994. V.4. — P. 668−679.
- Hirata H., Takahashi A., Kobayashi S., Yonehara S. et al. Caspases are activated in a branched protease cascade and control distinct downstream processes in Fas-induced apoptosis. // J. Exp. Med.- 1998.- V. 187.- P. 587 600.
- Hohn A., Leibrock J., Bailey K., Barde Y.A. Identification and characterization of a novel member of the nerve growth factor/brain-derived neurotrophic factor family. // Nature. 1990. — V. 344. — P. 339−341.
- Hornbeck P. In: Current protocols in Immunology. // Coico R., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Unit 2.1, NY. 1994.-V. 1.
- Hughes P., Beilharz E., Gluckman P., Dragunow M. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is induced as an immediate-early gene following N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. // Neuroscience. 1993. — V.57. — P. 319−328.
- Huopaniemi L., Keist R., Randolph A., Certa U., Rudolph U. Diazepam-induced adaptive plasticity revealed by alphal GABAA receptor-specific expression profiling. // J. Neurochem. 2004. — V. 88(5). — P. 1059−1067.
- Hutter P., Johansson M., Saria A., Humpel C. Acute and chronic noradrenergic regulation of neurotrophin messenger RNA expression in rat hippocampus: evidence from lesions and organotypic cultures. // Neuroscience. 1996. — V. 70(1).- P. 15−29.
- Hyman C., Hofer M., Barde Y.A., Juhasz M., Yancopoulos G.D., Squinto' S.P., Lindsay RM. BDNF is a neurotrophic factor for dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. // Nature. 1991. — V.350. — P. 230−232.
- Johnson J.E., Barde Y.A., Schwab M., Thoenen H. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor supports the survival of cultured rat retinal ganglion cells. //Neurosci. 1986. — V.6. -P. 3031−3038.
- Kanazawa I. How do neurons die in neurodegenerative diseases? //' Trends in Molec. Medic. 2001. — V. 7 (8). — P. 339−344.
- Kaplan D.R., Hempstead B.L., Martin-Zanca D., Chao M.V., Parada L.F. The trk proto-oncogene product: a signal transducing receptor for nerve growth factor.//Science. -1991.-V.252.-P. 554−558.
- Kaplan D.R., Miller F.D. Neurotrophin signal transduction in the nervous system. // Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2000. — V. 10. — P. 381−391.
- Katoh-Semba R., Takeuchi I.K., Semba R., Kato K. Distribution of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rats and its changes with development in the brain. // J. Neurochem. 1997. — V. 69. — P. 34−42.
- Katz L.C., Shatz C.J. Synaptic activity and the construction of cortical circuits. // Science. 1996. — V.274. — P. 1133−1138.
- Kawamoto Y., Nakamura S., Nakano S., Oka N., Akiguchi I., Kimura J. Immunohistochemical localization of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adult rat brain. //Neuroscience. 1996. — V. 74. — P. 1209−1226.
- Kenny P.J., File S.E., Rattray M. Acute nicotine decreases, and chronic nicotine increases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in rat hippocampus. // Brain Res. Mol. Brain. Res. 2000. — V. 85(1−2). — P. 234−238.
- Kernie S., Liebl D., Parada L. BDNF regulates eating behavior and locomotor activity in mice. // EMBO J. 2000. — V. 19(6). — P. 1290−1300.
- Kerr J.F.R., Wyllie A.H., Currie A.R. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics. // Br. J. Cancer. 1972. — V. 26. — P. 239−257.
- Kerr J.F.R., Gobe G.C., Winterford C.M., Kerr J.F.R., Harmon. B.V. Anatomical methods in cell death. // In Cell Death., Academic Press, San Diego.-P. 1−26.
- Kesslak J.P., So V., Choi J., Cotman C.W., Gomez P.F. Learning upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid: A mechanism to facilitate encoding and circuit maintenance? // Behav. Neurosci.- 1998.-V. 112.-P. 1012−1019.
- Kim J.J., Yoon K.S. Stress: metaplastic effects in the hippocampus. // Trends Neurosci. 1998. — V. 21. — P. 505−509.
- Kim S.H., Won S.J., Sohn S., Kwon H.J., Lee J.Y., Park J.H., Gwag B.J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor can act as a pronecrotic factor through transcriptional and translational activation of NADPH oxidase. // J Cell Biol.-2002.- 159(5).-P. 821−831.
- Kim S.T., Choi J.H., Chang J.W. et al. Immobilization stress causes, increases in tetrahydrobiopterin, dopamine and neuromelanin and oxidativedamage in the nigrostriatal system. // J. Neurochem. — 2005. V. 95(1).- P. 89−98.
- Kim D.H., Zhao X. BDNF protects neurons following injury by modulation of caspase activity. // Neurocrit Care. 2005. — V. 3(1). — P. 7176.
- Klein R., Nanduri V., Jing S.A., Lamballe F., Tapley P. et al. The trkB tyrosine protein kinase is a receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3. // Cell. 1991. — V. 66. — P. 395−403.
- Klein R., Conway D., Parada L.F., Barbacid M. The trkB tyrosine protein kinase gene codes for a second neurogenic receptor that lacks the catalytic kinase domain. // Cell. 1990. — V. 61. — P.647−656.
- Kontkanen O., Castren E. Trophic effects of selegiline on cultured dopaminergic neurons. // Brain Res. 1999. — 829. — P. 190−192.
- Kontos H.A. Oxygen radicals in cerebral vascular injury. // Circ Res. — 1985.-V. 57(4).-P.508−16.
- Korte M., Carroll P., Wolf E., Brem G., Thoenen H., Bonhoeffer T. Hippocampal long-term potentiation is impaired in mice lacking brain-derived neurotrophic factor. // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1995. — V. 92. — P. 88 568 860.
- Kristian T., Siesjo B.K. Changes in ionic fluxes during cerebral ischemia. In: Neuroprotectiv agents and cerebral ischemia (Green R., Cross A.R. eds.). New York. -1997. -P. 27−45.
- Kume T., Kouchiyama H., Kaneko S., Maeda T., Kaneko S., et al. BDNF prevents NO mediated glutamate cytotoxicity in cultured cortical neurons. // Brain Res. 1997. — V. 756(1−2). — P. 200−204.
- Kuppers E., Beyer C. Dopamine regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in cultured embryonic mouse striatal cells. // Neuroreport. 2001. — V. 12. — P. 1175−1179.
- Lai K.O., Fu W.Y., Ip F.C., Ip N.Y. Cloning and expression of a novel neurotrophin, NT-7, from carp. // Mol Cell Neurosci. 1998. — V. 11. — P. 64−76.
- Lamballe F., Klein R., Barbacid M. trkC, a new member of the trk family of tyrosine protein kinases, is a receptor for neurotrophin-3. // Cell. -1991.-V. 66.-P. 967−979.
- Larsen J., Skalicky M., Viidik A. Does long-term physical exercise counteract age-related Purkinje cell loss? A stereological study of rat cerebellum // J. Comp. Neurol. 2000. — V. 428. — P. 213−222.
- Lee F.S., Kim A.H., Khursigara G., Chao M.V. The uniqueness of being a neurotrophin receptor. // Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2001. — V. l 1. — P. 281−286.
- Lee R., Kermani P., Teng K.K., Hempstead B.L. Regulation of cell survival by secreted proneurotrophins. // Science. 2001. — V. 294. — P. 1945−1948.
- Leibrock J., Lottspeich F., Hohn A., Hofer M., Hengerer B., Masiakowski P., Thoenen H., Barde Y.A. Molecular cloning and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. // Nature. 1989. — V. 341. — P. 149-" 152.
- Levi-Montalcini R., Hamburger V. A diffusible agent of mouse sarcoma producing hyperplasia of sympathetic ganglia and hyperneurotization of the chick embryo. // Exp. Zool. 1953. — V.123. — P. 233−388.
- Levi-Montalcini R. The nerve growth factor 35 years later. // Science. 1987.-V. 237.-P. 1154−1162.
- Li Y., Maher P., Schubert D. Phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C regulates glutamate-induced nerve cell death. // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1998. — V. 95. — P. 7748−7753.
- Lin S.Y., Wu K., Levine E.S., Mount H.T., Suen P.C., Black I.B. BDNF acutely increases tyrosine phosphorylation of the NMDA receptor subunit 2B in cortical and hippocampal postsynaptic densities. // Mol. Brain Res. 1998. — V. 55. — P. 20−27.
- Lindholm D., Castren E., Berzaghi M., Blochl A., Thoenen H. Activity-dependent and hormonal regulation of neurotrophin mRNA levels in the brain. Implications for neuronal plasticity. // J. Neurobiol. 1994. — V. 25. — P. 1362−1372.
- Lipska B.K., Khaing Z.Z., Weickert C.S., Weinberger D.R. BDNF mRNA expression in rat hippocampus and prefrontal cortex: effects of neonatal ventral hippocampal damage and antipsychotic drugs. // Eur J. Neurosci. — 2001.- V. 14(1).- P. 135−144.
- Liu R., Yang S., Perez E. Neuroprotective effects of a novel non-receptor-binding estrogen analogue in vitro and in vivo analysis. // Stroke. 2002.-V. 33.-P. 2485.
- Madeddu F., Naska S., Bozzi Y. BDNF down-regulates the caspase-3 pathway in injured geniculo-cortical neurons. // Neuroreport. 2004. — V. 15(3).-P. 2045−2049.
- Magarinos A.M., McEwen B., Fliigge G., Fuchs E. Chronic psychosocial stress causes apical dendritic atrophy of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons in subordinate tree shrews. // J. Neurosci. 1996. — V. 16. -P. 3534−3540.
- Maher P., Davis J.B. The role of monoamine metabolism in oxidative glutamate toxicity. //Neuroscience. 1996. — V. 16. — P. 6394−6401.
- Maisonpierre P., Belluscio L., Squinto S., Ip N.Y., Furth M.E., Lindsay R.M., Yancopoulos G.D. Neurotrophin-3: a neurotrophic factor related to NGF and BDNF. // Science. 1990. — V. 247. — P. 1446−1451.
- Manabat C., Han B.H., Wendland M., Derugin N., et al. Reperfusion differentially induces caspase-3 activation in ischemic core and penumbra after stroke in immature brain. // Stroke. 2003.- V. 34.- P. 207
- Marmigere F., Rage F., Tapia-Arancibia L., Arancibia S. Expression of mRNAs encoding BDNF and its receptors in adult rat hypothalamus. // NeuroReport. 1998. — V. 9. — P. 1159−1163.
- Marmigere F., Rage F., Tapia-Arancibia L. GABA-glutamate interaction in the control of BDNF expression in hypothalamic neurons. // Neurochem. Int. 2003a. — V. 42. — P. 353−358.
- Marmigere F., Rage F., Givalois L., Arancibia S., Tapia-Arancibia L. Rapid induction of BDNF expression in the hippocampus during immobilization stress challenge in adult rats. // Hippocampus. 20 036. — V.-13.-P. 646−655.
- Matsumoto T., Numakawa T., Yokomaku D et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced potentiation of glutamate and GABA release: different dependency on signaling pathways and neuronal activity. // Mol. Cell Neurosci. 2006. — V. 31 (1). — P. 70−84.
- McAllister A., Katz L. & Lo D. Neurotrophins and synaptic plasticity. // Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 1999. — V. 22. — P. 295−318.
- McCarthy N. J., Whyte M.K.B., Gilbert C. S., Evan G. I. Inhibition of Ced-3/ICE-related proteases does not prevent cell death induced by oncogenes, DNA damage, or the Bcl-2 homologue Bak.// J. Cell. Biol. -1997.- 136.-P.215−227.
- McEwen B. Stress and hippocampal plasticity // Curr Opin Neurobiol. 1999.-V. 5. — P.205−216.
- McCord J.M. Oxygen-derived free radicals in postischemic tissue injury//N Engl. J.- 1985.-V. 312(3).-P. 159−163
- Meldrum B.S. GABAergic mechanisms in the pathogenesis and treatment of epilepsy. // Cerebrovasc. Dis. -1989.-P. 47−60.
- Middlemas D.S., Lindberg R.A., Hunter T. trkB, a neural receptor, protein-tyrosine kinase: evidence for a full-length and two truncated receptors.//Mol. Cell. Biol. 1991. — V.ll.-P. 143−153.
- Mizuno M., Yamada K., Olariu A. et al. Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in spatial memory formation and maintenance in a radial arm maze test in rats. // Neurosci. 2000. — V. 20. — P. 7116−7121.
- Morimoto B. H., Koshland D. E. Induction and expression of long-and short-term neurosecretory potentiation in a neural cell line // Neuron. -1990.- V. 5(6).- P. 875−880.
- Moses V. Neurotrophins and their receptors: a convergence point for many signaling pathways. // Neurosci. 2003. — V. 4. — P. 299−309.
- Mowla S.J., Farhadi H.F., Pareek S., Atwal J.K., Morris S.J., Seidah N.G., Murphy R.A. Biosynthesis and post-translational processing of the precursor, to brain-derived neurotrophic factor. // Biol. Chem. 2001. — V.276. — № 16. -P. 12 660−12 666.
- Murakami S., Imbe H., Morikawa Y. et al. Chronic stress as well as acute stress reduces BDNF mRNA expression in the rat hippocampus but less robustly. // Neurosci Res. 2005. — V. 53(2).- P. 129−139.
- Murer M.G., Yan Q., Raisman-Vozari R. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the control human brain, and in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. // Prog. Neurobiol. 2001. — V. 63. — P. 71−124.
- Namura S., Zhu J., Fink K., Endres M. et al. Activation and cleavage of caspase-3 in apoptosis induced by experimental cerebral ischemia. // J. Neurosci.- 1998.- V. 18.- P. 3659−3668.
- Nawa H., Carnahan J., Gall C. BDNF protein measured by a novel enzyme immunoassay in normal brain and after seizure: partial disagreement with mRNA levels. // Eur. J. Neurosci. 1995. — V. 7. — P. 1527−1535.
- Neves-Pereira M. et al. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene confers susceptibility to bipolar disorder: evidence from a family-based association study. // Hum. genet. 2002. — V. 71. — P. 651−655.
- Nibuya M., Nestler E.J., Duman R.S. Chronic antidepressant administration increases the expression of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in rat hippocampus. // Neurosci. 1996. — V. 16(7). — P. 2365−2372.
- Nicholson D.W., Thornberry N.A. Caspases: killer proteases. // Trends Biochem Sci. 1997. — V. 22. — P. 299−306.
- Nicholson D.W. Caspase structure, proteolytic substrates, and function during apoptotic cell death. // Cell Death Differ. 1999. — V. 6. — P. 1028-' 1042.
- Okazawa H., Murata M., Watanabe M., Kamei M., Kanazawa I. Dopaminergic stimulation up-regulates the in vivo expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the striatum. // FEBS Lett. 1992. -V. 313(2).-P. 138−142.
- Olney J.W.E. New mechanisms of excitatory transmitter neurotoxicity. //' Neural. Transm. Suppi. 1994. — V. 43. — P. 47−51.
- Oppenheim R.W., Yin Q.W., Prevette D., Yan Q. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rescues developing avian motoneurons from cell death. // Nature. 1992. — V. 360. — P. 755−757.
- Orrenius S., McCabe M.S., Nicotera P. Ca (2+)-dependent mechanisms of cytotoxicity and programmed cell death. // Toxicol. Lett. 1992. — V.64. -P. 357−364.
- Patapoutian A., Reichardt L.F. Trk receptors: mediators of neurotrophin action // Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 2001. — V. 11. — P. 272−280.
- Patterson E., Abel T., Deuel T.A., Martin K.C., Rose J.C., Kandel E.R. Recombinant BDNF rescues deficits in basal synaptic transmission and hippocampal LTP in BDNF knockout mice. // Neuron. 1996. — V. 16(6).-P. 1137−1145.. .
- Pellegrini-Giampietro D.P., Chtrici G., Alesiani M. et al. Excitatory amino acid release and free radical formation may cooperate in the genesis of ischemia induced neuronal damage. // J. Neurosci. — 1990. — V. 10. — P. 1035−1041.
- Perez-Navarro E., Gavalda N., Gratacos E., Alberch J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor prevents changed in Bcl-2 family members and caspase-3 activation induced by excitotoxicity in the striatum. // J. Neurochem. 2005. — V. 92 (3). — P. 678−691.
- Petersen A.A., Larsen K.E., Behr G.G. et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor inhibits apoptosis and dopamine-induced free radical production instriatal neurons but does not prevent cell death. // Brain Res. Bull.- 2001.-V. 56(3−4).- P. 331−333
- Pollack S.J., Harper S.J. Trk neurotrophin receptor activators. // Drug news perspect. 2002. — V. 15(5). — P. 268−277.
- Poo M. Neurotrophins as synaptic modulators. // Nature Rev. Neurosci. -2001.-V.2.-P. 24−31.
- Rage F., Givalois L., Marmigere F., Tapia-Arancibia L., Arancibia S. Immobilization stress rapidly modulates BDNF mRNA expression in the hypothalamus of adult male rats. // Neuroscience. 2002. — V.112. — P. 309−318.
- Rao L., Perez D., White E. Lamin proteolysis facilitates nuclear events during apoptosis//J. Cell Biol. 1996.- V. 135.- P. 1441−1445
- Rasika S., Alvarez-Buylla A., Nottebohm F. BDNF mediates the effects of testosterone on the survival of new neurons in an adult brain // Neuron. -1999.-V. 22(1).-P. 53−62.
- Rasmusson A.M., Shi L., Duman R. Downregulation of BDNF mRNA in the hippocampal dentate gyrus after re-exposure to cues previously associated with footshock. // Neuropsychopharmacology. 2002. — V. 27(2). -P. 133−142.
- Ridley D., Balfour D. The influence of nicotine on 5-HT overflow in the dorsal hippocampus in the rat. // Br. J. Pharmacol. 1997. — V. 122, — P. 192
- Rite I., Machado A., Cano J., Venero JL Divergent regulatory mechanisms governing BDNF mRNA expression in cerebral cortex and substantia nigra in response to striatal target ablation // Exp. Neurol.- 2005. V. 192 (1). — P. 142−155.
- Robinson R.C., Radziejewski C., Stuart D.I., Jones E.Y. Structure of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor/neurotrophin 3 heterodimer. //' Biochemistry. 1995. — V. 34. — P. 4139−4146.
- Rocamora N., Welker E., Pascual M., Soriano E. Upregulalion of BDNF mRNA expression in the barrel cortex of adult mice after sensory stimulation. // J. Neurosci. 1996. — V. 16. — P. 4411- 4419.
- Rosenthal A., Goeddel D.V., Nguyen T., Martin E., Burton L.E. et al. Primary structure and biological activity of human brain-derived neurotrophic factor. // Endocrinology. 1991. — V. 129(3). — P. 1289−1294.
- Roux P, Barker P. Neurotrophin signaling through the p75 neurotrophin receptor. // Prog. Neurobiol. 2002. — V 67. — P. 203−233.
- Saarelainen T., Hendolin P., Lucas G., Koponen E. et al. Activation of the TrkB neurotrophin receptor is induced by antidepressant drugs and is required for antidepressant-induced behavioral effects. // J. Neurosci. -2003. V. 23. — P. 349−357.
- Schaaf M.J.M., J. de Jong, E.R. de Kloet, Vreugdenhil E. Down-regulation of BDNF mRNA and protein in the rat hippocampus by corticosterone. // Brain Res. 1998. — V. 813. — P. 112−120.
- Segal RA, Takahashi H, McKay RD. Changes in neurotrophin responsiveness during the development of cerebellar granule neurons. // Neuron. — 1992. — V. 9. P. 1041−1052.
- Sendtner M. Neurotrophic factors and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In: Neurotrophic factors. F. Hefti. Springer-Verlag: Berlin. 1999. — P. 81 117.
- Seredenin S.B. Genetic differences in response to emotional stress and tranquilizers. // Psychopharm. and boil. narc. 2003. — V. 1−2. — P. 494−509.
- Shaywitz A., Greenberg M. CREB: a stimulus-induced transcription factor activated by a diverse array of extracellular signals. // Annu Rev Biochem.-1999.- V. 68.- P. 821−861.
- Sheline Y. Consequences of depression in the hippocampus and other brain regions. In. Neuroplasticity. A new approach to the pathophysiology of depression. Ed. J.P.Olie, C.E. Silva and J.P.Macher, Science Press Ltd. -2004.- P. 25−37.
- Shors T.J., Seib T.B., Levine S., Thompson R.F. Inescapable versus escapable shock modulates long-term potentiation in the rat hippocampus. // Science. 1989. — V. 244. — P. 224−226.
- Siesjo B.K. Pathophysiology and treatment of focal cerebral ischemia. Part I: Pathophysiology // Neurosurg. 1992. -V. 77(2). — P. 169−184.
- Silver I.A., Erecinska M.J. Ion homeostasis in rat brain in vivo: intra- and extracellular Ca2+. and [H+] in the hippocampus during recovery from' short-term, transient ischemia // Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 1992. — V. 12(5).-P. 759−772.
- Siuciak J.A., Lewis D.R., Wiegand S.J., Lindsay R.M. Antidepressant-like effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). // Pharmacol.-Biochem. Behav.- 1997.- V. 56.- P. 131−137.
- Sklar P., Gabriel S.B., Mclnnis M.G., Bennett P., Lim Y.M. et al. Family-based association study of 76 candidate genes in bipolar disoder: BDNF is a potential risk locus. // Mol. Psychiatry. 2002. — V. 7(6). — P. 579−593.
- Smith M.A., Makino S., Kvetnansky R., Post R.M. Stress and glucocorticoids affect the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 mRNAs in the hippocampus // J. Neurosci. 1995a. -V.15.-P. 1768−1777.
- Smith M.A., Makino S., Kim S.Y., Kvetnansky R. Stress increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor messenger ribonucleic acid in the* hypothalamus and pituitary // Endocrinology. 19 956. — V. 136. — P. 3743−3750.
- Sohrabji F., Miranda R.C.G., Toran-Allerand C.D. Identification of a putative estrogen response element in the gene encoding brain-derived neurotrophic factor. // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 1995. — V. 92. — P. 11 110−11 114.
- Solum D.T., Handa R.J. Localization of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) in pyramidal neurons of the developing rat hippocampus. // Dev. Brain Res.-2001.-V. 128.-P. 165−175.
- Solum D.T., Handa R.J. Estrogen regulates the development of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA and protein in the rat hippocampus. // J. Neurosci. -2002. V. 22. — P. 2650−2659.
- Soppet D., Escandon E., Maragos J., Middlemas D.S., Reid S.W., Blair J. et al. The neurotrophic factors brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 are ligands for the trkB tyrosine kinase receptor. // Cell. -1991.-V.65.-P. 895−903.
- Squinto S.P., Stitt T.N., Aldrich T.H., Davis S., Bianco S.M., Radziejewski C., et al. trkB encodes a functional receptor for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 but not nerve growth factor. // Cell. — 1991. -V.65.-P. 885−893.
- Symon L., Branston N.M., Strong J.J., Hope T.D. The concepts of thresholds of ischaemia in relation to brain structure and function // J.Clin.Pathol. 1977. — V. 30. — P.149−154.
- Takeda A., Onodera H., Yamasaki Y., et al. Decreased expression of neurotrophin-3 mRNA in the rat hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia.// Brain res. 1992. — V. 569. — P. 177−180.
- Tan S., Wood M., Maher P. Oxidative stress induces a form of programmed cell death with characteristics of both apoptosis and necrosis in neuronal cells. //Neurochem. 1998. — V. 71(1). — P. 95−105.
- Tao X., Finkbeiner S., Arnold D.B., Shaywitz A.J., Greenberg M.E. Ca2+ influx regulates BDNF transcription by a CREB family transcription factor-dependent mechanism. // Neuron. 1998. — V. 20. — P. 709−726.
- Tapia-Arancibia L., Rage F., Givalois L, Arancibia S. Physiology of BDNF: focus on hypothalamic function// Neuroendocrinology. 2004. — V. 25.-P. 77−107.
- Timmusk T., Palm K., Metsis M., Reintam T., Paalme V., Saarma M.,' Persson H. Multiple promoters direct tissue-specific expression of the rat BDNF gene. //Neuron. 1993. — V. 10. — P. 475−489.
- Timmusk T., Persson H., Metsis M. Analysis of transcriptional initiation and translatability of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNAs in the rat brain. // Neurosci. 1994. — V. 177. — P. 27−31.
- Troy C.M., Salvesen G.S. Caspases on the brain. // J. Neurosci. Res. -2002.-V. 69.-P. 145−150.
- Tsuchida A., Nakagawa T., Itakura Y. The effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on insulin signal transduction in the liver of diabetic mice. // Diabetologia. 2001. — V. 44. — P. 556−566.
- Ueyama T., Kawai Y., Nemoto K., Sekimoto M., Tone S., Senba E. Immobilization stress reduced the expression of neurotrophins and their, receptors in the rat brain // Neurosci. Res. 1997. — V. 28. — P. 103−110.
- Vaidya V.A., Marek G., Aghajanian G., Duman R.S. 5-HT2A receptor-mediated regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA in the hippocampus and the neocortex. // J.Neurosci. 1997. — V. 17. — P. 27 852 795.
- Ventimiglia R., Mather P.E., Jones B.E., Lindsay R.M. The neurotrophins BDNF, NT-3 and NT-4/5 promote survival and morphological and biochemical differentiation of striatal neurons in vitro. // Neurosci. 1995. -V.7.-P. 213−222.
- Vicario-Abejyn C., Owens D., McKay R., Segal M. Role of neurotrophins in central synapse formation and stabilization // Neuroscience. 2002. — V. 3(12).-P. 965 -974.
- Vincent J. Mood and the brain. In. Neuroplasticity. A new approach to the pathophysiology of depression. Ed. J.P.Olie, C.E. Silva and J.P.Macher,' Science Press Ltd. 2004. — P. 13−23.
- Watanabe Y., Gould H., Cameron D. et al. Phenytoin prevents stress and corticosterone induced atrophy of CA2 pyramidal neurons. // Hippocampus. 1992.- V. 2.- P. 431−436.
- Wei L., Ying D., Cui L., Langsdorf J., Yu S. Necrosis, apoptosis and hybrid death in the cortex and thalamus after barrel cortex ischemia in rats. // Brain Res. 2004. — 1022. — P. 54−61.
- Wu D., Pardridge W.M. Neuroprotection with noninvasive neurotrophin delivery to the brain.- 1999.- 96.- P. 254−259.
- Wu H., Friedman W.J., Dreyfus C.F. Differential regulation of neurotrophin expression in basal forebrain astrocytes by neuronal signals. // Neurosci. Res. 2004. — V. 76(1).- P. 76−85.
- Xie C., Sayah D., Chen Q.S., Wei W.Z., Smith D., Liu X. Deficient long-term memory and long-lasting long-term potentiation in mice with a targeted deletion of neurotrophin-4. // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2000. -V. 97(14).-P. 8116−8121.
- Yan Q., Rosenfeld R.D., Matheson C.R., Hawkins N., Lopez O.T., Bennett L., Welcher A.A. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein in the adult rat central nervous system. // Neuroscience. — 1997a. V. 78. P. 431−448.
- Yan Q., Radeke M.J., Matheson C.R., Talvenheimo J., Welcher A.A., Feinstein S.C. Immunocytochemical localization of trkB in the central nervous system of the adult rat. // J. Comp. Neurol. 19 976. — 378. — P. 135−157.
- Zafra F., Hengerer B., Leibrock J., Thoenen H., Lindholm D. Activity dependent regulation of BDNF and NGF mRNAs in the rat hippocampus is mediated by non-NMDA glutamate receptors. // EMBO. 1990. — V. 9. — P. 3545−3550.
- Zalewska M.M., Wilson D.F. Lipid hydroperoxides inhibit reacylation of phospholipids in neuronal membranes // J. Neurochem. 1989. — V. 52. -P. 255−260.