Коронарная хирургия при разных температурных режимах и методах защиты сердца и мозга
Диссертация
Электромеханическая остановка ссрхша при помощи нормотермической кровяной кардиоплегии позволяет проводить аорто-коронаркое шунтирование без ишемии и реперфузионных повреждений. В этом случае гипотермия становится ненужной частью стратегия, направленной на защиту миокарда. Во время операций на коронарных артериях антеградная доставка использовалась нами исключительно на первоначальном этапе… Читать ещё >
Список литературы
- Бокерия Л. А-, Вольгушев В, Е. Нормотсрмическая кардиохирургия: история, достижения, перспективы И Анналы хирургии, 2005, № 6. -C.II17,
- Бокерия Л-А., Вольгушев В. Е., Мовсесяи P.P., Айбазов Р. У. Берии шили ИИ, Сигаев И. Ю. Использование нормотермнческого кардиоплегнческого раствора при операции рсваскуляризации миокарла // Груд, и сердечно-сосудистая хирургия, 2006, № 3.-С, 4−8.
- Бокерия Л-А-. Беришвили И. И., Сигаев И. Ю- Реваскудяриэаикя миокарда", меняющиеся подходы и пути развития // Грудная и сердечно-сосудистая хирургия.. W9. — № 6. — С 102−112,
- Бокерия Л.А., Гудхова Р. Г. Сердечно-сосудистая хнрургкя'2004, М., Изд-во НЦ ССХ им. А Н. Бакулева РАМИ, 2005.
- Бокерия Л.А., Беришвнлн ИИ, Бузиашвилн Ю.И. Сигаев И. Ю. Трансмиокардиадьная лазерная реваскуляризацня, М., 2001.
- Бокерия Л.А., Беришвили И.И, Сигаев И. Ю. Минимально ннвазивная реваскуляризацня миокарда. М., 2001.
- ГБураковский В.И., Сапрыгин Д. Б, Метаболизм миокарда. М. «Медицина». 1981.-С. 336−345.
- Вишневский А.А., Харнас С. Ш. Искусственное кровообращение и гипотермия в хирургии открытого сердце. М. «Медицина» 1968,
- Волыушев В.Е. Патент на изобретение РФ J&-2 345 843-«Нормотермнческий кардиоплегический раствор». М. 2000.
- Иваинцкин Г. Р., Белоярцев Ф Ф О развитии фундаментальных и прикладных исследований по проблеме «Лерфторуглсроды в биологин и медицине» Н В кн.- Мед н ко-б иол о гн ч ее кис аспекты применения эмульсий перфторуглсродов. Пушкино. 1983.- С, 9−38,
- Козлов В.A., Артюшенко Н.К" Шалак О. В. и соавт. Ультразвуковая допилерофафия в оценке состояния гемодинамики в тканях шеи, лица и полости рта в норме и при некоторых патологических состояниях. Руководство-атлас .Санкт-Петербург. -2000.
- Конста1гсииов Б. А. Физиологические и клинические особенности хирургической кардиологии.-Л. «Паука». 1981.
- Лнщук В. А., Газизоаа Д. Ш. Система клннико-фнзиологнческнх показателей кровообращения Н Клиническая физиология кровообращения. 2004, № 1 .-С.28−38.
- Малашенкон А. И. Защита миокарда при операциях на сердце в условиях ИК. В книге: Лекции, но Сердечно-сосудистой хирургии. Под ред. Л. А.
- Бокерия М- Изд-во НЦССХ нм. Л. Н. Бакулева РАМН, 1999, 1 том-С. 153−171,
- Малашенков А.И. Сравнительная оценка зашиты миокарда прн операциях с искусственным кровообращением. Дне. локг. мед, наук М. 19S2.
- МацнсвскнЙ Д-Д-, Бслкнна Л. М, Толмачева Е, А. Динамика коронарного кровотока у крыс, Бюл, Экспср, Бнол-1992,1J 4 (7)>С. 19−22.
- Мешал кнн Е, Н., Лктасова Е. Е., Сергиевский ВС. н др, Применение перфторуглеродных соединений в экспериментальной и клинической хирургии // В кн.: Пленум проблемной комиссии «Хирургия». Тез. докл., Барнаул, 1985.- С.54−56.
- Работннков B.C., Керцман В. П., Бусленко Н. С., Маликов В. Е. Современный подход к хирургическому лечению ишемической болезни сердца U Вестннк АМН СССР. 1986- - № 2.- С, 64−69,
- Светлова Н-Ю. Сравнительная характеристика методов защиты мозга при хирургической коррекции патологии коронарных артегнй. Дне канд. мед. наук, М- 2003.
- Смулевкч А- Б., Сыркнн А. Л. Пснхокарднология. Медицинское информационное агентство, М. 2005 г. 778 с.
- Зв.Унклн Б, Электронная микроскопия для начинающих- Пер. с англ. Ред. В, Ю, Поляков- М. «Мир», 1975. 324 с.
- Фаминский Д О Зашита миокарда при длительных сроках выключения сердца из кровообращения. Дис. докт. мед. наук М 1989.
- Шабалкнн Б.В. Аорго-коронарное шунтирование в лечении ишемической болезни сердца. Дисс, док. мед, наук. М. 1975.
- Aberg Т, Ronquist G. Tyden Н, Brunnkvist S, Hultman J, Bergstfom K. Adverse effects on the brain in cardiac operations as assessed by biochemical, psychometric and radiologic methods // J- Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg, ¦ 1984- 8: 99−105.
- Akins CW. Non-cardioplegic myocardial preservation for coronary revascularization // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1984- 88: 174−80.
- Albery WJ, Lloyd BB. Variation of chemical potential with temperature. In: DeReuek A VS. Porter R (eds.) Development of the Lung. London // J. and A. Churchill. Ltd., 1967: 30−51
- A Idea GT Hou D. Fonger J, Shemln R. Inhomogenous and complementary antegrade and retrograde delivery of cardioptegic solution in the absence of coronary obstruction /I Ann.Thorac. Surg. 1994- 107(2): 499−504.
- AU IS, Al-Nowaiser 0, Batrozo CAM. Panos AL. Salemo ТА. Retrograde continuous noTrvothcnnic blood cardioplegia. In- Chiu RC-J (ed.) Cardioplegia- Current Concepts and Controversies. Austin TX: RG Lartdes. 1993:72−91.
- SLAmrani M, Yacoub M, H, Royston D, Myocardial protection for cardiac surgery: classical views and new trends // Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2003. Jul- 122 (I) — 65−72.
- Andersen K, Waaben J, Husum B, et al. Nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass disrupts the flow-metabolism couple in the brain // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. -1985- 90:570−9.
- Antonov L. Nedetcheva D- Resolution of overlapping UV-Vis absorption bands and quantitative analysis//Chem. Soc. Rev. 2000- 29: 217−227.
- Asimakopolos G Systemic inflammation and cardiac surgery: an update tt Perfusion -2001 Sep- 16 (5): 353−60.
- BaeIjcr AM. MacDonaid CH. The relation of the sodium, potassium and calcium ions to the heart rhythmicity. Am. J- Physiol. 1931- 99- 666,
- Baim P-S-, Rotbman MX, Harrison D. S, Simultaneous measurement of coronary venous blood flow and oxygen saturation during transient alterations in myocardial oxygen supply and demand U Am. J. Cardiol. 1982, — P. 743 752.
- Bamcr HB. Blood cardioplegia: a review and comparison with crystalloid cardioplegia. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1991- 52:1354−1367,
- Baron O, Roussel JC, Delaroche O, Peron S, Duveau D, Prospective clinical and biological comparison of three blood cardioplegia techniques in low-risk CABG patients: better is worse than good enough И Cardiovasc, Surg. 2003 Dec- 11(6): 489−495.
- Bates RJToscano M. Balderman SC. Anagnoslopoulos CE. The cardiac veins in retrograde coronary venous perfusion, Ann. Thorac, Surg. 1977: 23:83— 90.
- Bautreton C, Corbeau JJ, Pinaud F. Inflammatory response and haematological disorders in cardiac surgery: toward a more physiological cardiopulmonary bypass // Ann. Fr. Anesth. Reanim. 2006 May- 25 (5): 510−20.Epud 2006 Feb 20,
- M.Bhayana JN, Kaimbach T. McL. Booth FV, Мемгег RMj, Schimen G-Combined antegrade/retrograde car dioplegia for myocardial protection: A clinical trial It J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1989: 98:956−960.
- Bical O, Frames Y. Paumier D. Does warm antegrade intermittent blood cardioplegia really protect the heart during coronary surgery? // J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2001 Apr- 9(2): 188−193.
- Bige.ow W.G. The role of hypothermia in the past, present and future management of heart disease H Circulation. 1978. — Vol.57.- P. 113−114.
- BIanco G, Adam A. Fernandez A. A direct experimental approach to the aortic valve H. Acute rcpcrfusion of the coronary sinus // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg. -1956- 32:171−176.
- Bodcnhamcr RM. DeBoer LWV. Geffin GA. O’Keefe DD Fallon JT, Aretz TH, Haas GS, Daggett WN. Enhanced myocardial protection during ischemic arrest It J. Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg, 1983:85:769−80
- Boiling S. Flaherty J, Bulkley B, Goti V. Gardner T, Improved myocardial preservation during global ischaemia by continuous retrograde coronary sinus perfusion // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg- -1983- 86:659−666.
- BonhoefTer E, Stand Fuss Е." Spicckemian PG, Der saucrstoffrerbrauch des hundcr-herzcns nach karioplegia dutch extrazellularen natriumentzug and novocain applikaton. Pflugers, Arch. Gcst. Physiol. 1964- 281 -l9−27,
- Borgcr M. Rao V., Weisel R., Floh A., Cohen G" Fcindel C, Scully H., Yau T. Reoperativo coronary bypass surgery: effect of patent grafts and retrograde cardioplegia // J. Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg., January I, 2001- 121(1): 83 — 90.
- Borges M-, Spohn P. K., Coulson A. S. Arrythmia /ischemia management during minimal у invasive cardiac operation // tbtd. 1997. — Vol. 66, № 3. — P. 1093−1096.
- Boston U, Sungurtekin H., McGregor C., Macoviak J., Cook D. Differential perfusion: a new technique for isolated brain cooling during cardiopulmonary bypass // Ann- Thorac. Surg., May 1, 2000- 69(5): 1346 -1350,
- Bounds JV, Sandok BA, Barnhorst DA, Fatal cerebral embolism following aorto-coronary bypass graft surgery, Stroke 1976- 7:611−4,
- Braimbridge MV, Chayen J, Bitensky L, Hearse DJ, Jynge P, Cankovic-Darracoit S. Cold cardioplegia or continuous coronary perfusion? // J. Thorac, Cardiovasc, Surg. 1977- 74:900−6.
- Bretschneider HJ, Gebhard MM, Preusse (3. Reviewing the pros and cons of myocardial preservation within cardiac surgery. In: Longmore DB (ed.) Towards Safer Cardiac Surgery, Lancaster, England: MTP Press. 1981:21−53.
- Bretschneider HJ, Hubner G, Knoll D, Lohr B. Nordbcck H. Spiekermann PG, Myocardial resistance and tolerance to ischemia: Physiological and biochemical basis U J.Cardiovasc. Surg. (Torino). 1975: 16:241−60.
- Brill man J. Central nervous system complications in coronary artery bypass graft surgery //Neurologic. Clinics. 1993- 11:475−95,
- Broun wide! E. The determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption // Physiologist. 1979. — Vol.12.- P. 65−93.
- Brown W.M., Jay J.L., Gott J, P, et al. Warm blood cardioplegia: superior protection after acute myocardial ischemia // Ann. thorac. Surg. 1993. -Vol.55. — JftL- PJ2−41.
- Buekberg G. D-, Follette D, M" Steed D.L. et al. Reduction of post-ischemic myocardial damage by maintaining arrest during Initial reperfusion tt Surg. Forum -1977. Vol.28.- P.281−283.
- Buckberg GD, Brazier JR, Nelson RL. Goldstein SM. McConnell DH. Cooper N, Studies of the effects of hypothermia on regional myocardial blood flow and metabolism during cardiopulmonary bypass tt J. Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg. -1977:73.87−94.
- Buckberg GD- Development of blood cardioplegia and retrograde techniques: Ihe experimenter/observer complex // J. Card. Surg. 1998 May- 13(3): 163−70.
- Buckberg GD- Warm versus cold blood cardioplegia: A self imposed and counterproductive dilemma it Ann, Thorac- Surg. 1993:56:1007−10.
- Buffoto E. Andrade J. C. S-, Succi J. et al. Direct myocardial revascularization without cardiopulmonary bypass ft J, Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg. 1985, — Vol. 33.-P, 26−29.
- Calafiore A. M, Mezzetti A, Intermittent antegrade normothermic blood cardioplegia, tt In: Salerno ТА, editor- Warm Heart Surgery- Chicago: Mosby-Yearbook, 1996.-p. 77−89,
- Caldarone CA- Krukenkamp IB, Misare BD. Levitsky S- Perfusion deficits with retrograde warm blood cardioplegia, Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1994: 57:403−6.
- Cam pea i) L. Grading of angina pectoris // Circulation. 1976, — Vol.54, — P, 522−523.
- Camus F. Facteurs determinants de 1'oxygenation tissulaire. Reanimaiion et mcdccine d’urgencc. Paris: Masson, 1991- 305−16.
- Capasso F., Luccheti V., Caputo M. et al, Intraluminal shunt prevents left ventricular function impairment during heart coronary revascularization.
- Communication 031 // Annual meeting of the EACTS. Brussels, Belgium, 20−23 September, 1998.
- Caputo M, Ascione R. Angelini GD. Suleiman MS, Bryan AJ. The end of the cold era: from intermittent cold to intermittent warm blood cardioplegia // Eur, J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 1998 Nov-l4(5):467−75.
- Caspi J, Amar R, Elami A, Safadi T. Merin G. Frequency and significance of complete atrioventricular block after coronary artery bypass grafting // Am. J. Cardiol. 1989- 3:526*9.
- Chandra M. r Schwald H., Yaroslavsky E. Et al. New experimental technique to study blood cardioplegia in the isolated, perfused rat heart // Ann, thorac. Surg. 1993. — Vol .55. — № 4, — P 946*949.
- Chapman D. Phase transition and fluidity characteristics of lipids and cell membranes IIQ. Rev. Biophys. * 1975: 8:185−235.
- Chello M, Masiroroberto P, Patti Gt EyAmbrosio A, Di Sciascio G, Covino E. Intermittent warm blood cardioplegia induces the expression of heat shock protein-72 by ischemic myocardial preconditioning//Cardiovasc, Surg.-2003 Oct- 11(5):367*374,
- Cheng DCH. Asokumar B. Chung F, Sandler AN, Tong J. Plasma catecholamine responses during normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass surgeiy // Can. J. Anaesth. abstract). I993−40:A47,
- Cheng W., Demon T, A., Fonlarta G. P. el al. Off-pump coronary surgery: Effect on early mortality and stroke// J Thorac, Cardiovosc Surg. -2002.-Vol. 124.-P. 313−320.
- Chiiwood WR Retrograde cardioplegia: current methods // Ann. Thorac, Surg. 1992,53:352−355.
- Christakis GT, Koch JP. Deemar KA, et al. A randomized study of the systemic effects of warm heart surgery // Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1992- 54:44 959,
- Clifton GL, Miller ER, Choi SC. Levin HS, McCaulcy S, Smith KR Jr, Muizelaar JP, Marion DW, Lucrssen TG. Hypothermia on admission in patients wilh severe brain injury // J, Neuroirauma. 2002 Mar-19(3):293−30I,
- Cohen M, Liu G. Downey J. Preconditioning by a brief coronary occlusion preserves wall motion in ischemia/repcrtusion // Circulation. 1990- 82
- Cootey D.A., Reu! G.L., Wukasch D.C. Ischemic contracture of the heari: «Stone heart» // Am. J. Cardiol. 1972. — Vol.29.- P.575−577.
- Croughwell N, Lyth M, Quill TJ. Newman M, Greeley WJ. Smith LR. Diabetic patients have abnormal cerebral autoregulation during cardiopulmonary bypass//Circulation, 1990- 82(suppl IV)-IV407-I2.
- Currier J. Appendix on the treatment of shipwrecked mariners. The effects of water cold and warm, as a remedy in fever. Liverpool. UK. 1798.
- Dearani J. Axford Т., Patel M., Healey N. Lavin P.+ Khuri S. Role of myocardial temperature measurement in monitoring the adequacy of myocardial protection during cardiac surgery // Ann. Thorac, Surg, December 1, 2001- 72(6): S2235 — 2243.
- Del Nido PJ, Wilson GJ, Mickte DAG. Bush BG, Rcbeyka 1M, Kiement P, Harding R, Tail GA, The role of cardioplcgic buffering in myocardial protection //J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1985: 89:689−99.
- Digemess SB. Vanini V, Wideman PE. In vitro comparison of oxygen from asanguinous and san-guinous cardioplcgic media // Circulation. 1981- 64 (suppi II) 80
- Dobson G.P. Organ arrest, protection and preservation: natural hibernation to cardiac surgery// Сотр. Biochem. Physiol. B. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2004 Nov- 139 (3): 469−85.
- Edgerton J., Michelsen L. Beating heart surgery: Moving from revolutionary to routtn. Medtronic, 2000,
- Edwargs W.S., Tuluy S., Reber W.E. et al. Coronary blood flow and myocardial methaboiism in hypothermia И Ann. Surg- 1974,-' Vol. 139, — P. 275−281.
- Ehyat A, Fenichel GM, Bender HWJ. Incidence and prognosis of seizures in infants after cardiac surgery with profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest
- Engelman RM, Levitsky S. A Textbook of Cardioplegia for Difficult Clinical Problems, Mount Kisco NY: Future Publishing, 1992: 334 pages.
- Engelman RM, Vcrrier E. D, Optimal temperature for routine cardiopulmonary bypass// Adv. Card, Surg. 2001- 13:121−41.
- Engvall Е, Рег1тап P Enzyme-linked immunoadsorbcnt assay (ELISA). Quantitative assay of immunoglobulin G it Immunochcm. 1971. — Vol.8 — P. 871−879.
- Ericsson A, Takeshima S., Vaage J. Warm or cold continuous blood cardioplegia provides similar myocardial protection И Ann. Thorac. Surg., August 1, 1999- 68<2): 454 — 459.
- Flack JE, III, Hafer J" Engelman RM, Rousou JA, Deaton DW. Pekow P. Effect of normothermie blood cardioplegia on postoperative conduction abnormalities and supraventricular orrythmias // Circulation. 1992: 86(suppl1.): II 385−92.
- Flaherty JT, Schaff HV, Goidman RA- Goti VI. Metabolic and functional effects of progressive degrees of hypothermia during global ischemia//Am. J. Physiol. 1979:236:H839-H845.
- Flameng W^ Henjgers P, Dcwilde S., Lesaffre E, Continuous retrograde blood cardioplegia is associated with lower hospital mortality after heart valve surgery // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg, January 112 003- 125(1): 121 125.
- FoUcttc DM, Mulder DG. Maloney Jr JV, Buckberg GO Advantages of blood cardioplegia over continuous coronary perfusion and intermittent ischemia // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1978- 76:604−619.
- Fox HM, Rizzo ND, Clifford S. Psychological observations of patients undergoing mitral surgery//Psychosomatic Med. 1954- 16:186−208.
- Frank К A, Heller SS, Kornfeld DS, Malm JR. Long-term effects of open-heart surgery on intellectual functioning // J, Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg, -1972- 64:811 -5.
- Fuhrman GJ. Fuhrman FA- Utilization of glucose by the hypothermic rat // Ann. J. Phvsiol. 1963:295:181−3.
- Fukomoto E, Takenaka H, Onitsuka T, et at. Effect of hypothermic ischemia and repcrfcsion on calcium transport by myocardial sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum //J, Mol.CellCardiol. 1991- 23:525−535.
- Gaillard D, Bical O. Paumier D, Trivin F. A review of myocardial normoihermia: its theoretical basis and the potential clinical benefits in cardiac surgery // J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2000. Apr, 8(3): 198−203.
- Gallagher EG, Pearson DT. Ultrasonic identification of sources of gaseous tnicroemboli during open-heart surgery H Thorax. 1973- 28:295−305.
- Gates RM, Laks H. Retrograde cardioplegia И Adv. Card. Surg. -1998−10:115−39.
- Gay WA Jr, Ebert PA. Functional, metabolic and morphologic effects of potassium-induced cardioplegia // Surgery. 1973:74:284−9.
- Gcrsak B, Sutlic Z. Aortic and mitral valve surgery on the beating heart is lowering cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross clamp lime // Heart Surg. Forum, 2002- 5(2): 182−186.
- Oevers, W, Gcneralion of protons by metabolic processes in heart cells // J. Mot. Cell. Cardiol. 1977:9:867−74.
- Gott VL, Gonzalez JL. Zuhdi MN. Varco RL, Lillehei CW. Retrograde perfusion of the coronary sinus for direct vision aortic surgery U Surg, Gynecol. Obstet. 1957: 104:319−328,
- Grassi G. Coronary and sympathetic responses to core hypothermia- answers and questions tt Clin, Sci. (Lomd). 2003- May-104<5):503−8,
- Greene CW. On the relation of the inorganic salts of blood to the automatic activity of a strip of ventricular. Musck tt Am. J. Physiol. 1898- 2:82−126.
- Corpor.Technol. -2006Mar-38(I): 77−80.
- Gross RE. Hubbard JP. Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus: A report of first successful case II}. Am. Med. Assoc. 1939- 112:729,
- Gutielmos V, Brandt M, Knaut M" Cichon R, Wagner FM, Kappert U, Sc fuller S. The Dresden approach for complete multivessel revascularization I/ Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1999 Oct-GS (4): 1502−5.
- Gundry SR. Kirn D, RaSzouk AJ, HitI ACr Bailey LL, Increased systemic lactate production during normothermic bypass The cause of elevated coronary sinus lactate during continuous cardioplegia И J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. — 1994- (suppl. I):303A.
- Gundry SR. Wang N. Bannon D. Vigcsaa RE. Eke C- Pain S, Bailey LL. Retrograde continuous warm blood cardioplegia: Maintenance of myocardial hemostasis in humans I/ Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1993- 55:358−61.
- Guyton RA, Gott JP. Brown WM, С raver JM. Cold and warm myocardial protection techniques // Adv. Card. Surg. |996−7:1−29,
- Guyton RA. Oxygenated crystalloid cardioplegia // Sem. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1993- 5(2): 114−121.
- Hammeke ТА, Hastings JE. Neuropsychologic alterations after cardiac operation HI, Thorac. Carciiovase. Surg. -1988- 96:326−31.
- Harris DN, Bailey SM. Smith PL. Taylor KM. Oatridge A, Bydder GM. Brain swelling in first hour afler coronary artery bypass surgery // Lancet -1993- 342:586−7.
- Hayashida N. Chihara S., Tayama E., Yokose S., Akasu K, Kai E, Aoyagi S. Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor during warm blood cardioplegia) t Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2000−70:627−632.
- Hayashida N., Iconomidis J." Weisel R et al. The optimal cardioplegic temperature ft Ann. thorac. Surg. 1994. — Vol.58.- P.961−971.
- He GW. Myocardial protection during cardiac surgery from the viewpoint of coronary endothelial function /I Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. -1999 Oct-26(10)-8I0−4.
- Hearse DJ, Stewait DA, Chain EB. Recovery from cardiac bypass and elective cardiac arrest It Ciic. Res. 197 435:448−56,
- Hearse DJ- Stewart DA, Braimbridge MV. Hypothermic arrest and potassium arrest: Metabolic and myocardial protection during elective cardiac arrest // Circ, Res 1975: 36−481−9.
- Heineman FW, MaeGregor DC, Wilson DJ. Ninomiya J. Regional and transmural myocardial temperature distribution in cold chemical cardioplegia: Signi ficance of critical coronary arterial stenosis ft J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg, 1981:81:851−9.
- Hilton N, ТсиЫ W, Acker M, el at, Inadequate cardioptcgic protection with obstructed coronary arteries // Ann. Thorac, Surg. 1978- 28:323−334,
- Hoch J, Mikulcnka V, Spunda J, Hadacova I, Prikryl P, Jech Z, Hochova I. Perioperative hypothermia and its sequelae // Rozhl. Chir 2001 Apr, 80(4)-20l-5.
- Hockberg MS, Austin WG. Selective retrograde coronaly venous perfusion // Ann- Thorac. Surg. 1980: 29:88−94.
- Hoelscher B- Studies by electron microscopy on the effects of magnesium chtoride-procaine amide or potassium citrate on the myocardium in induced cardiac arrest// J, Cardiovasc. Surg. (Torino). 1967: 8:163−6,
- Holcman WL, Sproell RD, Digemess SB. Dudclston lr Pacifico AD. Oxyhemoglobin dissociation during hypothermic blood cardioplcgic arrest // Circulation. -1992- 86 (suppl, ll):339−5.
- Holland F.W., Brown P. S., Weimraub B.D. et al. Cardiopulmonary bypass and thyroid function', a «euthyroid sick syndrome» il Ann. thorac- Surg. -1991,-Vol.52-P. 46−50,
- Holland F. W" Olson RE, Prevention by hypothermia of paradoxical calcium necrosis in cardiac muscle // J, Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 1975:2:917−28,
- Howell WH. On the relation of the blood lo the aulomaticity and sequence of the heartbeat // Am. J. Physiol, 1898−9- 2:47−81.
- Ikonomidis JS. Yau TM, Weise! RD, et al. Optimal flow rates for retrograde warm cardioplegia И J. Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg, 1994- 107(2):510−519.
- Isomura Т., Misatomi К., Sato Т. ei a. Interrupted warm blood cardioplegia for coronary artery bypass grafting // Eur. J. eardio-tborae. Surg, -1995. Vol.9. — № 3, — P. 133−138.
- Jabr A.K., Straus S., Brenster R. et al. Continuouse warm blood cardioplegia // J. Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg, 1990, — Vol22.- P. 107−109.
- Jellmek N. Standeven JW. Menz U, Hahn JW. Bamer HB, Cold potassium cardioplegia: Effects of increas ing concentrations of potassium U J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg, -1981.82,26−37.
- Johansen V, Tbounni V. H, Ronson R. S, Jordan J. E, Zhao Z. Q, Nakamura M, Velez D, Guiton R.A. Broad-spectrum cardioprotection with adenosine'/ Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2001- Oct: 72 (4): 1447−8.
- Jones T, t Deal D. t Vemon J., Mammon J" Stump D. Differential perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass: maintaining a cool head during warm heart surgery tf Ann, Thorac. Surg, 2000−70:1790.
- Kalawski R, Majewski M, Kaszkowiak E, Wysocki H, Simimak T. Transcardiac release of soluble adhesion molecules during coronary artery bypass grafting: effects of crystalloid and blood cardioplegia I! Chest. 2003 May- 123(5): 1355−1360.
- K huri SF, Warner KG, Josa M, el al. The superiority of continuous cold blood cardioplegia in the metabolic protection of the hypertrophted human heart // J, Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg. 1988- 95:442−454.
- Kikugawa K., Kojima Т., Yamaki S., and Kosugi H. Interpretation of the thlobarbituric acid reactivity of rat liver and brain homogenates in the presence of ferric ion and ethylenediaminetetraaeeiic acid // Analyt, Biochcm. 1992- 202:249*255.
- Kirklin Ж. Btackslone Ell, Kirklin JW. Cardiopulmonary bypass: studies on its damaging effects // Blood Purification. 1987- 5:168−78,
- Kirsch U, Rodewald G. Kalmar P. Induced cardiac arrest: Clinical experience with cardioplegia and open heart surgery ft J. Thorac- Cardiovasc. Surg, 1972- 63:121−30.
- Krishnadasan B, Morgan E. N, Boyle ?, D. Veirier E.D. Mechanisms of myocardial injury after cardiac surgery // .horac. Vase. Arvesth. 2000 Jun- 14 (3 Suppl l):6-|0- discussion 37−8.
- Kulshrestha P. Rousou J., Engelman R-. Flack J., Deaton D., Wait R. Does warm blood retrograde cardioplegia preserve right ventricular Function? tt Ann. Thorac. Surg,. November К-2001- 72(5): 1572−1575.
- Kuntschen FR, Galletti PM, Hahn C, Glucose-insulin interactions during cardiopulmonary bypass. Hypothermia versus normothermia tt J, Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1986−91.451−9
- Kuroda Y, Uchimoto R, Kaieda R, et al. Central nervous system complications after cardiac surgery: a comparison between coronary' artery bypass grafting and valve surgery tt Anesthesia. Analgesia, 1993- 76:222−7,
- Laiken NM. Fanestil DD. Acid-base balance and regulation of H excretion. In: West JB (ed.) Best and Taylor’s Physiologic Basis of Medical Practice. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkens. 1985- 286−7.
- Laks H, Rosenkranz E, Buckberg GD. Surgical treatment of cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction // Circulation. 1986:74(suppl III): 16−22.
- Landaas S, Urdal P. Reikvam A, Semb G, The origin of creatine kinase BB occurring in serum during aortocoronary bypass surgery tt Clinica Chimica Acta, -1981- 111:179−83.
- Landow LL, Philllips DA, Heard SO, Prevost D, Van-dersalm TJ, Fink MP. Gastric tonometry and venous oximetry in cardiac surgery patients fl Crit. Care. Med. -1991−19:1226−33.
- Landymore R, Marble A- Effect of hypothermia and cardioplegia on inlra-myocardial voltage and myocardial oxygen consumption П Can. J. Surg, -1989. 32.452−5.
- Laridymore RW, Marble AE, Eng P. MacAuley MA, Fris J. Myocardial oxygen consumption and lactate production during antigrade warm blood cardioplegia 11 Eur. J. Caidiothorac. Surg. 1992- 6:372−6.
- Lanier WL. Glucose management during cardiopulmonary bypass: cardiovascular and neurologic implications li Anesth. Analg. 1991 -72:423−7.
- Lass M., Oertel F., Welz A., Hanrtekum A. The elderly as heart surgery patients. Pre- and postoperative analysis of the quality of life // Zentralbl.Chir.-1992,-VoU17tNo 10.-P.547−55L
- Lazaг HL, Buckbcrg GD. Manganaro AJ, Becker H, Maloncy JV Jr. Reversal of ischemic damage with amino acid substrate enhancement during reperfusion И Surgeiy. 1980:88:702−9,
- Lazenby WD, Ко W, Wcksler BB, el al Plaletet function and hemostasia after cardiopulmonary bypass: a comparison of hypothermic and normotliermic cardiopulmonary bypass // Surg, Forum. 1990- 41:307−9,
- Le Gallois C. Experiences sur 1e principe de la vie. Paris, 1812.
- Leaf A. Cell swelling: a factor in ischemic tissue injury It Circulation. -1973- 48:455−458.
- LeBoutillier M., Grossi E., Steinberg В., Nguyen FL+ Galloway A., Colvin S, Effect of retrograde warm continuous cardioplegia on right ventricular function И Circulation. -1993- 88(4 part 2):I-288.
- Ledinghan SJ., Braimbridge MV., Hearse DJ. The St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplcgic solution: A comparison of the efficacy of the two formulations it J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1987:93:240−6.
- Lehot J" Villard J" Piriz R, et al. Hemodynamic and hormonal responses to hypothermic and normothcrmic cardiopulmonary bypass И J. Cardioihorac. Vase. Anesth. -1992- 6:132−9.
- LeHouerou D., Ruffenach A, Dewarvm D. el a). Minimal hemodilution and control of scrum potassium levels during normothentiic cardiac arrest // Rev. Eur. Tcchnol. Biomcd. 1993, — VoLl 5.-№ 4.-P.2I2.
- Leurs PB, Mulder AW, Fiers HA, Hoomtje SJ. Acute renal failure after cardiovascular surgery. Current concepts in pathophysiology, prevention and treatment H Eur. Heart J, 1989- 10 (suppl, II):38−42.
- Lewis FJ. Tauffic M. Closure of atrial septal defects with the aid of hypothermia: Experimental accomplishments and the report of one successful case // Surgery. 1953- 33:52−59.
- Lichtcnstein SV. Ashe KA, El Dalaii H, Cusimano RJ. Panos A, Slutsky AS. Warm heart surgery // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1991:101:269−74.
- Lichtcnstein S. V, Warm heart surgery: concept, concerns, and future course Hi. card. Surg, 1993. — Vol.8.-№ 2.- P. 161−166.
- Lichtenstcin S.V., Abe. J. G-, Panos A. el al. Warm heart surgery: experience with long cross-clamp times // Ann. thorac. Surg, 1991. -VoL-52.- № 4.- P, 1009−1013.
- Litlehei C.W., Torres F. Frank G.S., Cohen M. M, Neurologic and elecirocncephalographic studies in open-heart surgery H Neurology. 1959- 93.
- Lim KH, Halestrap AP, Angeltni GD, Suleiman MS. Propofol is cardioprotective in a clinically relevant model of normothermic blood cardioplegic arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass // J. Card. Surg. 2005 Mar-Apr -20(2): 107−1 1
- Lingle DJ. The action of certain ions on ventricular muscle H Am. J. Physiol.-1900- 4:265−282.
- Lollc)' DN. Hewitt RL- Myocardial distribution of asanguinous solutions perfused under low pressures through the coronary sinus it J. Cordiovasc. Surg.- 1980: 21:287−94.
- Longmuir IS. The effect of hypothermia on the affinity of tissues of oxygen И Life Sci. 1962: 7:297−300.
- Lubicz S, Sullivan Mi. Warm blood cardioplegia as an adjunct to myocardial preservation during coronary artery bypass grafting // Austral. New Zealand J. Surg. 1991- 61:127−32.
- Lundar Т., Stokke O. Total creatine kinase activity in cerebrospinal fluid as an indicator of brain damage during open-heart surgery U Scand- J. Thorac. Cardiovasc Surg. 1983:17:157−61,
- Lyons IN, Raison Ж. A temperature induced transition in miJochondrial oxidation: A contrast between cold and warm blood animals it Сотр. Biochem. Physiol. 1970:37:495−511.
- Lytic BW. MeElroy D, McCarthy F Loop FD, Taylor PC, Goormastic M. Stewart RW, Cosgrove DM. Influence of arterial grafts on the mortality in coronary reoperations // J. Thorac, Cardiovasc, Surg, 1994: 107:675−83.
- Maddaus Mr Alj IS. Bimbaum PL, Panos AL. Salerno ТА. Coronary artery surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass: Usefulness of the surgical blower-humidifier if J, Cardiac. Surg. 1992- 7(4) 348−350,
- Magovem GJ, Flaherty JT, Gott UL, Buckley BH, Gardnert J. Failure of blood cardioplegia to protect myocardium at lower temperatures // Circulation.- 1982: 66 (suppl I):60−7.
- Mallidi tL (Sever J., Tamariz M. Singh S., Hanayama N. Christakis G" Bhatnagar G., Cutrara C, Goldman B, t Fremes S. The short-term and long-term effects of warm or tepid cardioplegia it J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. March 1,2003- 125(3): 711 720.
- Marelli D, Chiu RC, Ficiszer DM, Brown RA. Residua. hypothermia in patients recovering in the intensive care unit from cardiac surgery // Can. J. Surg. 1988- 31:434−6.
- Martin TD. Graver JM. Goti GT. Weiniraub WS, Ramsey J. Mora CT. Guiton RA. Prospective, randomized trail of retrograde warm blood cardioplegia: Myocardial benefit and neurologic threat // Ann. Thorac. Surg. -1994- 57:298−304.
- Maruta Т., Hamburger! M-E-, Jennings C.A. ct al. Keeping hostility in perspective: coronary heart disease and the Hostility Scale on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory see comments. // Mayo. Clin. Proc. 1993,-Vol.68, No 2.-P. 109−114.
- Matsuura IL Lazar HL, Yang XM, Rivers S, Trcanor PR, Shemin RJ. Detrimental effects of interrupting warm blood cardioplegia during coronary revascularization Hi, Thorac, Cardiovasc, Surg, 1993- 106(2):357−361,
- Mazer CD, Byrick RJ. Warm heart surgery in patients with preoperative renal dysfunction It Can. J. Anaesth. abstract. I993−40:A46.
- McKibbon DW, Bulkley BH, Green WR, Gott VL. Hutchins GM, Fatal cerebral atheromatous emboHsation after cardiopulmonary bypass H J. Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg, 1976- 71:741−5.
- McMurchie EJr Raison JK, Caimcross KD. Temperature-induced phase changes in membranes of heart: a contrast between the thermal response of poikilotherms and homcocherms tf Сотр. Biochem, Physiol. 1973- 44B: 1017−1026.
- Mehlhom Alien S. J. t Adams D. L. et al. Cardiac surgical conditions induced by B-blocade: Effect on myocardial fluid balance H Ibid. 1996. -Vol. 62.-P, 143−150.
- Mel rose DC. Dreycr B. Bental i HH Baker JDE. Elective cardiac arrest // Lancet 1955- 2:21−2,
- Menasche P. Fleury JP. Veyssie L. et al. Limitation of vasodilation associated with warm heart operation by a «mini-cardioplegia» delivery technique //Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1993- 56(5): 1148−1153
- Menasche P. Strategics to improve myocardial protection during extracorporeal circulation // Shock. 2001- 16 suppl 1:20−3.
- Mctz S, S logoff S. Thiopental sodium by single bolus dose compared to infusion for cerebral protection during cardiopulmonary bypass II J, Clin. Anesthesia. -1990- 2:226−31.
- Midcll Al, Deboer A, Bermudez G. Post perfusion coronary ostial stenosis // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1976- 72:80−5.
- Milei J. Fraga C.G., Grarta D.R., Ferreira R" Ambrosio G. Ultrastructural evidence of increased tolerance оГ hibernating myocardium to cardioplegic ischemia-rcperfuston injury // J, Am, Coll. Cardiol. 2004, — V. 43. Ле 12.-P. 2329−2336.
- Millar S. M." Alston R. P" Andrews P. J. D-, Souter M. J. Cerebral hypoperfusion in immediate postoperative period following coronary artery bypass grafting, heart valve, and abdominal aortic surgery II Br.). Anaesth. -2001−87:229−236.
- Miller DW Jr, Ivey TD, Bailey WW. Hessel EA, The practice of coronary artery bypass surgery in 1980 // J. Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg. -1981:81:423−9.
- Mills NL, Ochsner JL. Massive air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass // Cardiovasc. Surg. -1980- 80:708−17.61.
- Mills SA, Warm retrograde blood cardioplegia: A prospective trial editorial. II Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1994: 57(2}:28l-282,
- Minatoya К., Okabayashi H, Shimada L, Tanabe A., Nishina T. T Nandate K, Kunihiro M Intermittent antegrade warm blood cardioplegia for CABG: extended interval of cardioplegia // Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2000:69:7476.
- Misarc BD, Krukencamp IB, Catdarone CA, Levitsky S. Can continuous warm blood cardioplegia be safely interrupted? // Surg. Forum. 1992:43:20 810.
- Moores WY The role of blood substitutes in myocardial protection. In: Roberts Ai (cd.) Myocardial Protection in Cardiac Surgery. New York- Marcel Dekker. 1987,475−493.
- Morishige N. Tashiro T, Yamada T, Kimura M. Retrograde continuous warm blood cardioplegia reduces oxidative stress during coronary artery bypass grafting It Ann. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2002 Feb- 8(l):31−37.
- Mueller XM, Chassot PG. Zhou J, Eisa KM. Chappuis C. Tevaearai HT, von Scgcs5cr LK. Hemodynamics optimization during off-pump coronary artery bypass- the 'no compression' technique tt Eur, J, Cardiothorac. Surg. -2002 Aug-22(2):249−54.
- Murai N, Imazcki T, Shioguchi S, Saitou M, Con S, Yoshida H, Hata I, Leukocyte-depleted continuous blood cardioplegia for coronary artery bypass grafting// Jpn, Heart J, 2000 Jul- 41(4):425−433.
- Nappi G, Torella M, Romano G, Clinical evaluation of normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass and cold cardioplegia // J. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2002 Feb- 43(1):31−36.
- Nasvytis Lt Sirviiukas E. Myocardial protection: which method of cardioplegia is better? // Medicina (Kaunas). 2002−38(8):797−800.
- Newburger JW, Jonas RA, Wemovsky G, et at. A comparison of the perioperative neurologic effects of hypothermic circulatory arrest versus low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass in infant heart surgery tt New Eng. J. Med, -1993−329:1057−64.
- Nicolini F. Begin C, Muscari C, Agostinelli A, Maria Budillon A, Spaggiari 1, Gherli T. Myocardial protection in adult cardiac surgery: current options and future challenges ff Eur. J. Cardiothorac, Surg. 2003 Dec-24(6):986−93.
- Nunn l>D, Bel isle CA, Lee Jr WH, et al. A comparative study of aortic occlusion alone and of potassium citrate arrest during cardiopulmonary bypass // Surgery. 1959- 45:848.
- Orenslein JM, Nariku S, Aaron B, Bucholz B, Bloom S. Microeniboli observed in deaths following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, Silicone antifoam agents and polyvinyl chloride tubing as sources for emboli ft Human Pathol. 1982- 13:1082−90.
- Orts A, Alcaraz C, Delaney KA, Goldfrank LR, Tumdorf H, Pulg MM. Bretylium tosylate and electrically induccd cardiac arrhythmias during hypothermia in dogs tt Am. J. Emcrg, Med. 1992- 10:311−6.
- Pagni S., Gagish N. Senior D., Spence P. Anastomotic complications in minimally invasive coronary bypass grafting ft Ann. Thorac, Surg, 1997. -Vol. 16 (Suppl. 11), — Р.5Э-57.
- Panos A, Kingstey SJ, Hong AP, Salerno ТА, Lichtenstein SV. Continuous warm blood cardioplegia tt Surg. Forum. 1990- 41:233−235.
- Panos AL, Ali IS, Birnbaum PL, Barrozo CAM, Al-Nowaiser O, Salemo ТА. Coronary sinus injuries during retrograde continuous normothermic blood cardioplegia // Ann. Thorac. Surg. -1992- 54:1137−1138.
- Pennington DO. Dcnccr B, Bcshiti H, Bamcr HB, Kaiser GC, Tyras DH, Codd JE, Will man VL. Coronary artery- stenosis following aortic valve replacement and intermittent intra coronary cardioplegia // Ann, Thorac, Surg, -1982−33:576−84.
- Perrauli L., Menasche P., Wassef M et al. Endothelial effects of gemostalic devices for continuous cardioplegia or minimaly invasive surgery // Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1996. — Vol, 62. — P. 1158−1163.
- Pfitzmann R, Muller J. Grauhan J. Hetzer R. Intramyocardial impedance measurements for diagnosis of acute cardiac allograft rejection // Ann, Thorac. Surg 2000−70:527−532.
- Prinzmental M, Simkin B, Bergman HCn Krager HE. Studies on the coronary circulation. II, The collateral circulation of the normal human heart by coronary perfusion with radioactive erythrocytes and glass spheres // Am. Heart J. -1947- 33:420−29.
- Quintilio C-, Voci P., Bilotta F. ct al. Risk factors of incomplete distribution of cardioplcgic solutions during coronary artery grafting fl J, thorac. cardiovasc. Surg 1995. — Vol, 109, — № 3 — P. 439−447.
- Rahn H, Reeves R Protons, proteins and Claude Bernard’s «Fixile du milieu intericur», In: Robin ED (ed.) Cotoque Claude Bernard (Foundation Singer-PoHgnac), Paris' Masson el Cel. t980: 263−77.
- Ramsay JG, Ralley FE. Whaltey PG, DelHColli P. Wynands JE. Site of temperature monitoring and prediction of afterdrop after open heart surgery It Can, Anaes. Soc, J. 1985- 32:607−12.
- Rashid A, Fabri B. Jackson M, el al. A prospective, randomised study of continuous warm versus intermittent, cold blood cardioplegia in coronary artery surgery: prelim inary report It Eur. J Cardiolhorac, Surg- 1994- 8:26 269.
- Rasmussen LS, Sztuk F, Christiansen M, Elliott MJ Normothermic versus hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass during repair of congenital heart disease ti J. Cardiothorac. Vase. Anesth. 2001- Oct- 15:563−6.
- Reeves RB. The interaction of body temperature and acid-base balance in ectothermic vertebrates It Ann. Rev. Physiol, 1977:39:559−86.
- Rehfeldt K, Cook D, Transesophageal echocardiography imaging of a new aortic cannula for differential perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass tt Anesth. Analg. 2001- Feb- 92(2): 338 — 340.
- Reits BA, Slinson EB. Profound local hypothermia for myocardial protection. In: Isselhard W (ed.) Myocardial Protection for Cardiovascular Surgcrv, Koto: Phannazeutische Vcriagsgesellschaft, 19 803 73−82.
- Resatoglu AG, Demirturk OS, Уепет N, Ycner A. Magnesium decreases cardiac injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery // Eur, J. Cardiothorac, Surg. 2004- Aug-26(2):270−5.
- Ringer S, Murrcll W. Concerning the effects on frogs of arrest of the circulation, and an explanation of the action of potash salts on the animal body //J. Physiol. (Lend). 1878- 1:72−95.
- Ringer S, Morshead EA, On the effect of the chlorides, bromides and iodides of potassium on frogs H J. Anal, Physiol. 1878- 12:73−84.
- Roberts AJ. Myocardial protection in cardiac surgery. New York: Marcel Dckker, 1987-. 480 pages.
- Robertson JM, Buckberg GD, Vinten-Johansen J. et al. Comparison of distribution beyond coronary stenoses of blood and asanguinous cardioplegic solutions Hi, Thorac, Cardiovasc. Surg. 983- 86:80−86.
- Robinson LA. Schwar/ GD, Gothland DB, Fleming WH. Galbraith ТА. Myocardial protection for acquired heart disease surgery: Results of a national survey // Ann. Thorac, Surg. 1995- 59(2}:361−372.
- Roe BR. Warm blood cardioplegia: Back to square one editorial) H Ann Thorac. Surg. 1993- 55(2) 330−331,
- Roustin W, Millard RW, Canine myocardial ischemia: Defect in mitochondrial electron transfer complex I // J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. -1980:12:6395.
- Salerno ТЛ. Continuous blood cardioplegia: option for the future or return to the past? II J, Mo). Cell. Cardiol. I990-, 22(suppl. V):S49.
- Salerno ТЛ. Houck J, Barrozo CAM, el al. Retrograde continuous warm blood cardioplegia: A new concept in myocardial protection // Ann. Thorac, Surg, 1991- 54: 245 -47.
- Schipke J. D, Friebe R. Gams E. Forty years of glucose-insuline-potassium in cardiac surgery: a review of randomized, controlled trials// Eur. J, Cardiothorac. Surg. 2006 Apr- 29 (4): 479−85. Epub 2006 Feb 14.
- Sellman M, I vert T, Ronquist G. Cacsarini K, Persson L, Semb BK. Central nervous system damage during cardiac surgery assessed by 3 different biochemical markers in cerebrospinal fluid // Scand. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1992- 2639 5.
- Seines O. A" McKhann G. M. r Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery and the Brain North Eur. J, of Medicine 2001- 344 (6): 451−454.
- ScveringhausJW, Stupefel N, Bradley AF. Variation of senmi carbonic acid pK with pH and temperature II J. Appl. Physiol. 1956:9:197−200.
- Shaw PJ, Bates D. Cartlidge NE. French JM. Heaviside D, Julian ЕЮ. Neurologic and neuropsychological morbidity following major surgery: comparison of coronary artery bypass and peripheral vascular surgery H Stroke, 1987- 18:700−7.
- Shirakura R., Matsuda H, t Nakano S. et al. Cardiac function and myocardial performance of 24-hour preserved asphyxiated canine // Ann, thorac. Surg. 1992. — Vol.53.- ХгЗ — P 440−444
- S hum way NE. Forward versus retrograde coronary perfusion for direct vision surgery of acquired aortic valvular disease It J. Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg. 1959- 38:75−80.
- Shumway NE. Lower RR, Surfer RC. Selective hypothermia of the heart in anoxic cardiac arrest И Surg, Gynecol, Obstct. 1959- 109:750−754.
- Singh AK. Feng WC, Bert AA, Rotenberg FA, Sanofsky SJ. Warm body, cold heart surgery: Clinical experience in 2817 patients // Eur. J* Cardiothorac. Surg. 1993- 7:225−30.
- Smith PK, Buhrman WC, Ferguson ТВ, Jr., Levett JM, Cox JL. Conduction block after cardioplegic arrest: prevention by augmented atrial hypothermia // Circulation, 1983- 68(suppl 11): 1141−8.
- Solorzano J. Taitclbaum G, Chiu RCJ. Retrograde coronary sinus perfusion for myocardial protection during cardiopulmonary bypass H Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1978:25:201−8.
- Sondergaard T. Berg E- Staffeldt I, Szcezcpanski K. Cardioplegia cardiac arrest in aortic surgery It J, Cardiothorac. Surg, (Torino). -1975:16:228−90.
- Stephenson ER Jr, Jayawant AM, Bauingartcn CM, Damiano RJ Jr. Cardioptegia-induced eel! swelling: prevention by normothermic infusion tt J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2000- Jun-l 19(6): 1093−101.
- Stoicaa S C., Sharplcsb L.D., I- Ahmcda. Preoperative risk prediction and intraoperative events in cardiac surgery tt Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. -2002- 21 (If. 41−46.
- Suaudeau J, Schaffer B, Daggett WM, Role of Procaine and washed red celts in the isolated dog heart perfused at 5"C tt J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. -1982- 84:886−96.
- Subramanian VA, Roberts AJ, Zema JM, et al. Cardiogenic shock following acute myocardial infarction tt Am. J. Cardiol. 1979- 44:1356−1364.
- Swan H. Zcavin 1, Blount Jr SG. Virtue RW. Surgery by direct vision in the open heart during hypothermia tt J. Am. Med. Assoc, 1953- 153:10 811 085.
- Swan H. Thermoregulalion and Bioenergctics. Patterns for Vertebrate Survival. New York: American Elsevier Publishing. 1974- 430 pages.
- Tail JT. Booker PD. Wilson GJ, Coles GA, Steward DS, MaeGregor DC, Effects of multi-dose cardioplegia and cardioplcgic solution buffering on myocardial tissue acidosis tt J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 1982- 83:824−9.
- Takano H" Sakaktbara T" Matsuwaka R. Hori Т., Sakagoshi N. Shinohara N. The safety and usefulness of cool head-warm body perfusion in aortic surgery it Eur. J. Cardiothorac, Surg. 2000- 18:262−269.
- Tan ТЕ, Ahmed S, Paterson US- Intermittent tepid blood cardioplegia improves clinical outcome U Asian Cardiovasc. Thorac. Ann, 2003 Jim- I I (2):l 16−121.
- Tasdemir O, Katircioglu SF, Kucukaksu DS, et al. Warm blood cardioplegia: Gltrastructural and hemodynamic study // Ann, Thorac. Surg. -1993−56:305−311
- Teoh KHT, Pan-св AL, Hamiantas A A, Lichtenstein SV, Salerno ТА. Optimal visualization of coronary artery anastomoses by gas jet // Ann. Thorac, Surg.-1991- 52 (3):564.
- The National Heart. Lung and Blood Instilule Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS)7/ Circulation. -1981:63:(suppl I): 1−15.
- Toledo-Pereyra LH. A Study of the Historical Origins and conceptual framework of warm hean surgery of Cardioplegia. |PhD Dissertation. University of Minnesota, 1984 (University Microfilms International, mimber 8 424 753).
- Tonz M, Mihaljevie T. Pasic N, von Scgesser LK. Turina M, The warm versus cold perfusion controversy: A clinical comparative study // Eur. J, Cardiothorac. Surg. 1993- 7:623−7.
- Ту ens CFO, Todd GJ, Niebauer IM. Manley NJ, Waldhausen JA. The mechanism of myocardial damage following potassium citrate (Melrose) cardioplegia // Surgery. 1975- 78(l):45−53,
- Tyers GFO. Williams EH. Hughes HC. Todd GJ. Effects of perfusate temperature on myocardial protection from ischemia //J. Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg. 1977:73:766−71.
- Urban T, Taborsky J, Vanek I, Semrad M, Miler L Comparison of the effectiveness of crystalloid end warm blood cardioplegia in patients with significant left ventricular dysfunction left ventricular dysfunction? It Sb. Lek. 2000-l0l (3):26l-266.
- Valentine S, Barrowcliffe M, Peacock J. A comparison of effects of fixed and tailored cardiopulmonary bypass flowratcs on renal Junction tt Anaesth. Intcns, Care. 1993- 21:304−8.
- Van Aarnhem E. E. H. L., Nierich A. P. T Jansen E. W. L. When and how to shunt the caronary circulation in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting // Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 1999. — Vol. 16. (Suppl, 2). — P- S2-S6.
- Vanstyke DD. Hastings AB, Heidelberger M, Ncill JM. Studies of gas and electrolyte equilibria in the blood. III. the alkali-binding and buffer values of oxyhemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin It J. Biol. Chem. 1922- 54:49 195.
- Villancuva F. Kaul S. Glasheen ME. Broccoli A. Spotnitz W. Intraoperative assessment of retrograde cardioplegia distribution using myocardial contrast echocardiography И Surg, Forum, 1990:61:252 4,
- Vinten-Johansen J, Julian S, Yokoyamah H, Johnston WE, Smith TD, McGee DS. Cordell AR. Efficacy of myocardial protection with hypothermic blood cardioplegia depends on oxygen I/ Ann. Thorac. Surg. 1991:52:939 8.
- Wallace A., Ratcliffe M. Nosi P., Bellows W., Moores W" McEnany M" Flachsbart K., Marigano D, Effect of induction and reperfusion with warm substrate-enriched cardioplegia on ventricular function It Ann. Thorac. Surg. -2000−70:1301−1307.
- Warner KG, Josa M. Marston W, ct al. Reduction in myocardial acidosis using blood cardioplegia // Surg. Res. 1987:42:247−56.
- We man S-, Karhunen P. Penttila A-. Jarvinen A-, Salminen U, Reperfusion injury associated with one-fourth of deaths after coronary artery bypass grafting // Ann. Thorac. Surg. 2000- Sep- 70(3): 807 — 812.
- Wcrb MR, Ziranan B, Teasdale SJ. Goldman BS, Scully HE, Marliss EB. Hormonal and metabolic responses during coronary artery bypass surgery: role of infused glucose//J. Clin Endocrinol. Metab. 1989- 69:1010−8.
- White FN. A comparative physiologic approach to hypothermia // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc, Surg. 1981:82:821−2.
- Willman VL, Cooper T, Zafiracopoulous P" Hanlon CR Depression of ventricular function following elective cardiac arrest with potassium citrate // Surgery 1959.46:792−6.
- Wimmcr-Greineckcr G, Matheis G, Brieden M, Dietrich M, Orernek G, Westphal К. Neuropsychological changes after cardiopulmonary bypass for coronary artery bypass grafting // Thorac. Cardiovascular. Surg. 1998- 46: 207−212.
- Wolman R L., Nussmeier N. A., Aggarwal A., Kanchuger M. S., Roach G. W" Newman M. F. Cerebral Injury After Cardiac Surgery: Identification of a Group at Extraordinary Risk 1999. Stroke 30: 514−522.
- Wong Bl, McLean RF, Nylor CD. Snow WG. Harrington EM, Gawel MJ, Woods RB. Fremcs SE Central nervous system disfunction after warm or hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass U Lancet. 1992: 339:1383.
- Wtorekla J., Siebertb J., Nowakowski A. Change of myocardial impedance during experimental ischemia If Family Medicine Department and University Centre for Cardiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Derinki 2, 80−211 Gdansk, Poland, 2004.
- Yamamoto F. Do we need hypothermia in myocardial protection? // Ann. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 2000- Aug-6(4):216−23.
- Yau ГМ, Ikonomidis JS, Weisel RD, Mickle DAG. Hayashida N, Jvanov J, С arson S, Mohabcer MK. Turoiati LC. Which techniques or cardioplegia prevent ischemia?// Ann. Thorac. Surg. -1993:56:1020−8.
- Yeatman M, Caputo M, Narayan P, Lotto AAT Ascione R" Bryan AJ, Angel in i GD. Magnesium-supplemented warm blood cardioplegia in patients undergoing coronary artery revascularization // J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. -2002: Jan- 123(1): It 9−29.
- Yoshilani K, Kawaguchi M, Takahashi M, Kitaguchi K, Furuya H. Plasma propofol concentration and EEG burst suppression ratio during normothcrmic cardiopulmonary bypass // Br- J, Anacsih. 2003- Feb 90:1226.
- Young MA, Vatncr SF. Regulation of large coronary arteries // Circ. Res. -1986- 59:579−86.
- Zweifach BW. The distribution of blood perfusates in capillary circulation // Am. J. Physiol. 1940- 130:512−21.
- Zwikster GH, Boyd JE, Reversible less of the all or none response in cold blooded hearts treated with excess potassium // Am. J. Physiol. 1935- 113:356−367.