Методическая разработка по обучению чтению с детальным извлечением информации для учащихся 7 класса гимназии

В данном исследовании нами разработан комплекс упражнений по обучению чтению с детальным извлечением информации. На его основе нами составлена методическая разработка по обучению чтению с детальным извлечением информации для учащихся 7-го класса гимназии. Нами были разработаны задания и упражнения на основании учебно-методического комплекса «Английский язык: учеб. пособие для 7 кл. общеобразоват. учреждений с рус. яз. обучения» авторов Н. В. Юхнель, E.Г. Наумова по темам-проблемам «Terra Australis Incognita» и «The Landmarks of Belarus» [29; с. 167].

Тема: «Terra Australis Incognita», текст «The Most Extraordinary Country to Explore».

1. Pre-reading stage

a) Look at the title of the text and the pictures and say why Australia can be called the most extraordinary country to explore.

What interesting facts about Australia do you already know?

How do you think what is this text about? H.

b) Repeat the following words after me:

kangaroo.

ostrich emu j extraordinary.

mammal.

duckbill.

spiny anteater h resemble coast.

eucalyptus.

bushy.

kookaburra.

lyrebird.

swampy.

buffalo.

с) give the definitions of this words and make up sentences with them;

d) write down all the unknown words from this list into your dictionaries;

e) read the text and be ready to answer the question: Why many people would like to visit Australia?

The Most Extraordinary Country to Explore.

Sometimes Australia is called «the upside down world». Can you guess why? Because Australia lies in the Southern Hemisphere, where winter comes in July and summer begins in December. During the Christmas holidays people often sunbathe on the beach or swim and surf in the ocean.

Australia is the hottest place in the Southern Hemisphere. In July the temperatures are from 12° to 20 °C. In January the temperatures are from 20° to 30 °C above zero and higher.

Most parts of Australia do not receive enough rain. Only one sixth of the continent — a belt of land along the north, east, and south coasts — is comfortably humid. This narrow belt of land is the place where summers are warm and sunny and winters are mild.

Most of the dry land is uninhabited, which explains Australia’s small populationabout 23 million people (compare: the UK population is about 64 million people).

It’s interesting to notice that though most of the territory is too dry or too hot Australia has an extraordinary collection of birds and animals. Many of them are found only there. Early explorers were so surprised by the emu and the kangaroo that they described the continent as the land where birds «ran instead of flying and animals hopped instead of running».

Australia is the home of two of the world’s most primitive mammalsthe duckbill or platypus and the echidna or spiny anteater. They are the only mammals that lay eggs. The kangaroo is perhaps the best known of Australia’s animals. There are more than 40 different kinds of kangaroos in Australia, in many different colors and sizes. The big red kangaroo and the grey kangaroo may be as tall as a grown-up man. Some kangaroos are about the size of a large dog. The smallest kangaroo is the rat kangaroo. Another well-known Australia’s animal is the koala that resembles a teddy bear. It spends most of its life in eucalyptus trees and eats only the leaves of these trees.

Among other animals found in Australia is the dingo, a wild dog which is yellowish brown and has a bushy tail. The emu, Australia’s largest bird is also one of the largest in the world. It cannot fly but is a good runner. Another curious bird is the kookaburra that is often called the «laughing jackass». The bushy country rings with its laughter. Other Australian birds are graceful lyrebirds, brilliantly colored parrots and the great white cockatoo.

Two animals were brought to the country by the Europeans and have become wild in Australia. These are the buffalo, brought from India, and the European rabbit. Buffaloes were brought to the north coast as work animals early in the 19th century. They escaped and multiplied and now inhabit the swampy river valleys around Darwin. Each year hunters shoot thousands of them.

Rabbits were brought more than 100 years ago. There are now so many of them in Australia that sheep farmers have constant wars against the rabbits because they destroy so much grass.

No matter how far from Europe Australia can be, many people who are fond of travelling would like to visit this land because it is such an extraordinary place to explore!

2. Reading stage

a) Answer the question «Why many people would like to visit Australia?».

b) Answer other questions:

• 1) Why were many explorers surprised in Australia?
• 2) How did they describe this country?
• 3) What mammals do live in Australia?
• 4) How many types of kangaroo can be found in Australia?
• 5) What does koala resemble?
• 6) What does koala eat?
• 7) What animal is a dingo?
• 8) What is unusual about the emu?
• 9) What bird do the Australians like most?
• 10) What bird is graceful?
• 11) What animals did escape and multiply in swampy river valleys?
• 12) Why did rabbits become dangerous?

b) Read the text once again and complete the sentences:

• 1. Sometimes Australia is called
• 2. In Australia winter comes in … and summer begins in
• 3. During the Christmas holidays people
• 4. Australia is the hottest place
• 5. Only one sixth of the continent is comfortably
• 6. … which explains Australia’s small population.
• 7. Australia has an extraordinary collection of
• 8. Early explorers described Australia as the place where birds … and animals

c) Give me the English for such words and expressions as:

большой австралийский зимородок, грациозный лирохвост, буйвол, утконос, перевернутый вверх тормашками мир, подпрыгивать, эвкалипт, лесистая местность, болотистые долины рек, размножились, постоянные войны, невероятное место.

3. Post-reading stage

a) Imagine that you have just come back from Australia. Talk to your classmate about your impressions of the country. Speak about geographical position, climate, people, animals and so on.

b) Answer the questions connected with ecological problems:

• 1) What animals are the reason of breaking the ecological balance? Why are there so many rabbits? What do they destroy? How do farmers fight against them?
• 2) Why are there too many buffaloes in Australia? How do hunters fight against them?
• 3) What other problems connected with animals in Australia and the whole world do you know?

c) What new did you learn from that text? Is it interesting for you? Express your opinion.

Тема: «Australia». Текст «Canberra — Australian capital». bbbbbbb J1. Pre-reading stage.

a) Answer the question:

Canberra is the capital of Australia. What do you think 'Canberra' means in the local language? Is it.

• 1) a friendly place?
• 2) a lovely place?
• 3) a meeting place?
• 4) a public place?

b) What facts do you know about Canberra?

с) Give synonyms to the following words: halfway, ideal, huge, local.

d) Explain the usage of the construction «It's worth doing something». Give examples.

e) Read the text and be ready to answer the question: Why Canberra can be interesting for tourists? Why is it worth visiting?

Canberra — Australian capital.

Canberra is halfway between Sydney and Melbourne — two largest cities of Australia. The city of Canberra has been the capital of the country since 1927. It is the home of the Government, the city where you can visit the Government House, the Parliament House, the Old Parliament House and many Nationals the National Library, the National Museum of Australia, the Australian National Botanic Gardens and others. It is difficult to travel round the Nationals because there isn’t enough public transport. But it’s not at all bad in the 'berra'. The name is believed to mean 'a meeting place' in the local language. It is surrounded by green hills making it a great place for bushwalking, cycling and skiing. The National Parks of the Canberra region are worth visiting. Architect Walter Burley Griffin planned an ideal city of the future. The population of the capital is over 300,000 people who live in an area with around 12 million trees. Famous author of travel books Bill Bryson first arrived in Canberra in the late 1990s and said that it looked like a very large park with a city hidden in it. There is a lot to see and do in Canberra.

The National Zoo.

It is a fun zoo for all ages with many species of animals which has the largest collection of big cats.

The National Capital Exhibition.

It tells the story of Canberra from the start of Aboriginal times until the present.

The Parliament House.

It was opened in 1988 and a flag on top of the building can be seen from almost any place in the city. It is in 3 kilometers from the city centre and you can go on a guided tour of the Parliament House when Parliament is not sitting.

The Australian National Botanic Gardens.

The Gardens are over two kilometers to the west of the city centre. They have the best collection of Australian flora in the world. You can go on a guided tour of the gardens.

The National Library.

The building looks both modernist and classic at the same time. Its collection is huge and the local cafe is one of the best public places in the capital.

The Australian Institute of Sport.

It was opened in 1981 and has trained most of Australia’s greatest athletes since then. There are some fun and interesting tours with famous sportsmen as tour guides.

2. Reading stage

a) Answer the question: Why is Australia worth visiting?

b) Read the article carefully and say if the statements below are true or false.

• 1. Canberra lies between Sydney and Melbourne.
• 2. Canberra has always been the capital of Australia.
• 3. It is easy to travel in the capital.
• 4. The area around the capital is good for summer and winter sports.
• 5. Canberra and the area around the capital are very green.
• 6. Canberra is a city with a huge population.
• 7. There is only one national building in Canberra — the National Library.

c) Read the information about Canberra landmarks. Where would you like to go and why?

3. Post-reading stage.

a) Compare Canberra and Minsk:

• 1. What does 'Minsk' mean in the local language?
• 2. What famous landmarks can you see if you go on a guided tour of Minsk?
• 3. Are the Parliament House and the Government House open to the public in your country?
• 4. What do Minsk and Canberra have in common?

b) Imagine you have a friend from Canberra. Make up a list of things you would like to know better about Canberra.

c) Imagine your friend from Canberra arrives in Minsk. What places of interests would you like to show him in Minsk. What would he like most?

Тема: «Travelling from point A to point В». Текст «Travel Guide on Belarus».

1. Pre-reading stage

a) Read the heading of the text and try to predict what places of interest are mentioned in it.

b) Put the landmarks below in two columns — the first column with the landmarks situated in Australia and the second with the landmarks of Belarus: Belovezhskaya Pushcha, Ayers Rock (Uluru), Novogrudok, Polotsk, Mir and Nesvizh castles, the Braslav Lakes, Great Bareer Reef, Grodno, Canberra, Raoubichi, Dudutki, Naroch region.

c) In pairs, tell each other what you know about these places. Have you been to any of these places? Would you like to go there again? Why?

d) Make up sentences with the following words: ski-jump, open-air, picturesque, catholic, pine, ancient, in danger, badgers.

c) Read the text and be ready to answer the question: What places of interest show that Belarus is an ancient country?

Travel Guide on Belarus.

National Park «Braslav Lakes» (250 km from Minsk) is one of the most attractive places in Belarus. The area of the lakes is 183 sq. km. One of them Lake South Volos — is about 40 m deep. The lakes are surrounded with beautiful landscapes. The Braslav Lakes have more than 800 species of plants, 20 of them are disappearing and they are in the Red Book. There are more than 30 species of fish in the lakes, 45 of the birds are in the Red Book too — they are in danger. Such animals as badgers, brown bears, elks, wild boars and deer live in the forests around the lakes. The centre of the National Park is Braslav — one of the most ancient towns in Belarus. It was first mentioned in the early 11th century.

Sport Complex «Raoubichi» (22 km from Minsk). This sports complex in the central part of Belarus was built for ski competitions. Now it is a popular place for festivals and weekend holidays — tourists can stay in comfortable three-star hotels and lovely little cottages. There is a forest and a lake there and in winter you can ski-jump and ride on sledges. Right here there is a historical monument — a Cross Mount Roman-Catholic church with a museum of local costume from all regions of Belarus. О Dudutki (40 km from Minsk) is an open-air museum. This is a museum of handicrafts which was founded in 1993. Here the past and present are brought together and you can feel the atmosphere of the 19th century and discover the secrets of ancient handicrafts. It makes Dudutky one of the centres of cultural life in Belarus. Р Grodno (275 km from Minsk). Grodno was first mentioned in 1128 A.D. It is one of the oldest cities in Belarus. It was founded in the 11th century on the picturesque banks of the Neman River. Monuments of all periods of history have survived in Grodno: the Church of St. Boris and Gleb (the only 12th century church in Belarus); the Old Castle (a monument of the 16th century); the New Castle (the 18th century); catholic churches of the 17−18th centuries. The Old Town is one of the most interesting sights of Grodno.

Lake Naroch. (170 km from Minsk). The Narochansky land is famous for Lake Naroch, a pearl of Grodno the Belarusian nature, and the most picturesque Blue Lakes. The beauty of Lake Naroch, its wonderful forests, golden beaches and mild climate bring thousands of tourists to the lake’s shores. One third of the area of the park is covered with forests. There are 42 lakes here. The Naroch land has the largest number of pine forests in the country. The area is famous for its mineral waters, too.

2. Reading stagе

a) Look through the pages from the Travel Guide on Belarus and answer the question: What places of interest show that Belarus is an ancient country?

Which of the places of interest is the furthest away from Minsk? Which of them is the closest to where you live? Prepare to tell your classmates about one of the places.

b) Look through it once again and go round the classroom, telling your classmates about your place of interest.

3) Post-reading stage.

a) Work in pairs. Answer the questions:" If you travel round Belarus, where will you go? Why?" .

b) Imagine you have a friend from another country. Make a list of 5 landmarks you would like to show him.