Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- I. Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ² ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π΅. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠΉΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠ³ by, Π³Π΄Π΅ ΡΡΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ
- ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ
- The customers can pay their household accounts by electronic transfer
- The household accounts can be laid by the customers by electronic transfer
- 1. The insurance company pays compensation in case of a natural disaster
- 2. We have promoted our goods and services on the points of sale throughout the year
- 3. My friend has just advised me to deposit my savings with a bank
- 4. They are repairing my car now. I cant drive it
- 5. We had already reached the decision before the general discussion began
- 6. The customers bought there articles during the sale. We cant exchange them
- II. Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ»Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
- 1. The results were completely wrong as a scientist she should have planned the experiment more carefully
- 2. The personnel director might have chosen Mike for the job, he looked happy after the interview
- 3. The firm must have become bankrupt, it is selling out its shares
- 4. He couldnt have taken part in the negotiations. He was on a business trip at that time
- 5. Lets go and discuss the problem with Mike. He must have finished working by now
- III. Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ, ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ (ΡΠΌ. ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ)
- 1. Impressed by Alans work, the manager extended his contract for year
- 2. Being unemployed, Dave had time to consider what job he really wanted
- 3. The consumers usually study the quality of goods offered by foreign producers at a particular market
- 4. Knowing exactly what I wanted, I didnt spend much time shopping
- 5. Unless properly packed, the goods wont attract the customers and sell well
- 6. Having established the main values of the company, the members of the Board passed over to the discussion of the short-term objectives
IV. ΠΠ· Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ Π±Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΊ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
1. Π°) If more users were connected to computer networks, e-commerce would develop more rapidly.
b) If more users had been connected to computer networks, e-commerce would have developed more rapidly.
2. a) The company would have achieved a higher sales level, if the retail price had been decreased.
b) The company would achieve a higher sales level, if the retail price was decreased.
3. a) Unless experienced managers were hired, such a big corporation would not run business so successfully.
b) Unless experienced managers had been hired, such a big corporation would not have run business so successfully.
4. a) If governments had reduced restrictions and tariffs, it would have promoted the expansion of world trade.
b) If governments reduced restrictions and tariffs, it would promote the expansion of world trade.
5. a) If the enterprise applied innovations more effectively, its profits would rise.
b) If the enterprise had applied innovations more effectively, its profits would have risen.
V. ΠΠ· ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π²ΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ
ΠΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Ρ:
The variety of goods that a company produces or sells
a) rank b) range c) choice
1. a company which sells goods to another company
a) customer b) retailer c) supplier
2. a charge paid to a person or a bank for the money borrowed
a) loan b) rent c) interest
3. a person who reports to you
a) supervisor b) subordinate c) leader
4. a group of people that might buy the companys goods
a) Competitive market b) local market c) target market
5. a sudden collapse
a) boom b) rise c) crash
6. payment to a person after injury
a) benefit b) compensation c) incentive
7. a person responsible for promotion and distribution of the companys goods as well as for market research
a) production manager b) marketing manager c) sales manager
VI. ΠΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
Market Research
It is impossible to develop and launch, Π° product solely on the basis of. guesswork Thats much too risky. You can’t just trust the intuition of senior managers or product managers; you have to do market research. We collect and gather information about the size of, Π° potential market, about consumers tastes and habits, their reactions to particular product features, packaging features, and so on.
Lots of people think that market research just means going out and asking consumers for their… opinions of products, but that’s not true. ΠΡtuΠ°llΡ, talking to customers is, Π° relatively minor market research tΠΎΠΎl, because it’s very expensive. In fact, personal interviewing is the very last thing we’d do. We usually find that our own account department which keeps records of sales, orders, and so on, is, Π° far more important source of information. Our sales representatives are another good source.
There are also, Π° lot of printed sources of secondary .data we can use, including daily, weekly and monthly business newspapers, magazines and trade journals, our competitors annual reports, official government statistics, and reports published by private market research companies. We analyse data from customers, middlemen, and so on, if both internal research (analysis of data already available in the accounts and sales departments) and secondary data (available in printed sources) are inadequate.
lf we do go out and do field work it’s usually, Π° survey, which you can use to collect information about product and packaging features, and to measure the effectiveness of advertising copy, advertising media, sales promotions distribution channels, and so on.
Analyse, annual, data, gather, guesswork, habits, accounts department, launch, opinions, packaging, promotions, statistics
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ:
1. to develop and launch a product ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡ
2. the consumers tastes and habits ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
3. to keep records of sales ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆΠ°Ρ
4. to gather data ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅
5. to do a survey ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
6. advertising media ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π‘ΠΠ
VII. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ
Π― ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³ΡΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π½Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊ. Π£ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅.
Π― ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π° ΡΠ½Π°Π±ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΠΌΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π· ΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π½. Π― ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π»ΡΠ±Π»Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ. Π£ Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ².
ΠΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ.
I work for the company which is the wholesaler and the retailer of spare parts for import tracks. Our company is wellknown as a supplier of original spare parts on russian market. We have a lot of clients throughout the country.
I work as a manager of the Purchasing department. My major task is to provide effective management of stocks. Im obliged to order products, to forecast demand and to analyse prices.
I like my work too much. My co-workers are good people. We all pursue one goal to make everything possible for the development and prosperity of our company.