Маркеры воспаления и показатели систем коагуляции и фибринолиза у женщин в постменопаузе с метаболическим синдромом
Диссертация
Клиническая значимость МС определяется его важной прогностической ролью в развитии ССЗ и СД-2. В, проспективных исследованиях показано, что у лиц, имеющих МС, частота развития ССЗ и СД-2, а также тяжесть и смертность от этих заболеваний значительно выше, чем в остальной популяции. Так, например, в исследовании У1ек АХ. с соавт. было показано, что наличие МС увеличивает риск развития инфаркта… Читать ещё >
Список литературы
- Аметов А. С., Демидова Т. Ю., Целиковская А. Л. Ожирение и сердечно-сосудистые заболевания // Терапевтический архив 2001- 1: 66—9.
- Аметов А. С., Кондратьева Л. В. Метформин основа терапии пациентов с метаболическим синдромом // РМЖ 2006, том 14- 26: 1905−11.
- Балаболкин М. И., Клебанова Е. М., Креминская В. М. Современные возможности профилактики сахарного диабета // РМЖ 2007, том 15- 11: 916— 22.
- Баркаган 3. С. Клинико-патогенетические варианты, номенклатура и основы диагностики гематогенных тромбофилий // Пробл гематол и пер крови 1996- 3: 5−15.
- Баркаган З.С., Момот А. П. Основы диагностики нарушений системы гемостаза // М.: «Ньюдиамед-АО», 1999. 224 с.
- Бирюкова Е.В., Гарбузова М. А., Маркина Н. В., Мкртумян A.B. Уникальные эффекты метформина в лечении метаболического синдрома// РМЖ 2009- том 17, № 10: 692−7.
- Бутрова С. А. Терапия ожирения. В кн.: Ожирение: этиология, патогенез, клинические аспекты. Под ред. И. И. Дедова, Г. А. Мельниченко. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство 2004- 378−406.
- Бутрова С. А. Метаболический синдром: патогенез, клиника, диагностика, подходы к лечению // РМЖ 2001, том 2- 9: 56−60.
- Бутрова С. А. Эффективность Глюкофажа в профилактике сахарного диабета 2 типа // РМЖ 2003, том 11- 27: 1494−9.
- Бутрова С. А., Дзгоева Ф. X. Висцеральное ожирение — ключевое звено метаболического синдрома // Ожирение и метаболизм 2004- 1: 10−6.
- Дедов И. И., Балаболкин М. И. Инсулиновая резистентность в патогенезе сахарного диабета типа 2 и медикаментозная возможность ее преодоления//Врач 2006- 11: 8−13.
- Дедов И. И., Бутрова С. А., Дзгоева Ф. X. Динамика факторов риска сахарного диабета 2 типа и сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у больных с абдоминальным типом ожирения // Ожирение и метаболизм 2004- 2: 19−24.
- Дедов И. И., Бутрова С. А., Мищенко Б. П. Применение метформина (сиофора) у больных с абдоминальным типом ожирения // Проблемы эндокринологии 2000, том 46- 5: 25−9.
- Дедов И. И., Мельниченко Г. А., Романцова Т. И. Патогенетические аспекты ожирения // Ожирение и метаболизм 2004- 1: 3−9.
- Дедов И. И., Шестакова М. В. Сахарный диабет и сердечнососудистые заболевания // Сахарный диабет 2002- 4: 2−6.
- Демидова Т. Ю., Аметов А. С., Титова О. И. Современные возможности коррекции инсулинорезистентности у пациентов с метаболическим синдромом //Терапевтический архив 2006- 10: 36−40.
- Доброхотова Ю. Э. Менопаузальный синдром. Учебно-методическое пособие. М.: РГМУ 2005- 11.
- Долгов В.В., Свирин П. В. Лабораторная диагностика нарушений гемостаза // М. Тверь: ООО «Издательство «Триада», 2005. 227 с.
- Дубоссарская 3. М., Дука Ю. М. Генетические и приобретенные формы тромбофилии и метаболический синдром // Медицинские аспекты здоровья Женщины 2008- 10: 26−9.
- Изможерова Н. В., Попов А. А., Тагильцева Н. В. Гиперинсулинемия и инсулинорезистентность у женщин с метаболическим синдромом в климактерическом периоде // Клиническая медицина 2006, том 84- 5: 65−8.
- Мамедов М. Н. Метформин от, А до Я. Руководство для врачей// М.: ООО «ПРЕСТО», 2008. 47 с.
- Мельниченко Г. А., Пышкина Е. А. Ожирение и инсулинорезистент-ность факторы риска и составная часть метаболического синдрома // Терапевтический архив 2001- 12: 5−8.
- Петунина Н. А. Роль снижения веса у больных ожирением в профилактике развития сахарного диабета 2 типа // Ожирение и метаболизм 2007, том 1- 10: 8−14.
- Романцова Т. И. Особенности патогенеза и лечения менопаузального метаболического синдрома. В кн.: Ожирение: этиология, патогенез, клинические аспекты. Под ред. И. И. Дедова, Г. А. Мельниченко. М.: Медицинское информационное агентство 2004- 216−33.
- Сметник В. П. Половые гормоны и жировая ткань // Ожирение и метаболизм 2007- 3: 17−27.
- Сметник В. П., Шестакова И. Г. Современные представления о мено-паузальном метаболическом синдроме // Consilium Medicum 2003, том 5- 9: 543−6.
- Суханова Г. А. Тромбофилии как фактор развития тромботических состояний. В кн.: Очерки по производственной и клинической трансфузиоло-гии. Под ред. А. И. Воробьева. М: Ньюдиамед 2002- 364—72.
- Чазова И. Е., Мычка В. Б. Метаболический синдром // Consilium Medicum 2002, том 4- 11: 587−92.
- Шестакова М. В., Бутрова С. А., Сухарева О. Ю. Метаболический синдром как предвестник развития сахарного диабета 2-го типа и сердечнососудистых заболеваний // Терапевтический архив 2007- 10: 5−8.
- Agewall S., Bokemark L., Wikstrand J., Lindahl A., Fagerberg B. Insulin sensitivity and hemostatic factors in clinically healthy 58-year-old men // Thromb Haemost 2000- 84(4): 571−5.
- Aguirre V., Uchida T., Yenush L., Davis R., White M.F. The c-Jun N-terminal kinase promotes insulin resistance during association with insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphorylation of Ser (307) // J Biol Chem 2000- 275: 9047−54.
- Aguirre V., Werner E.D., Giraud J., Lee Y.H., Shoelson S.E., White M.F. Phosphorylation of Ser307 in insulin receptor substrate-1 blocks interactions with the insulin receptor and inhibits insulin action//J Biol Chem 2002- 277: 1531−7.
- Ainy E., Mirmiran P., Zahedi Asl. S., Azizi F. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome during menopausal transition Tehranian women: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) // Maturitas 2007- 58(2): 150−5.
- Akira S., Uematsu S., Takeuchi O. Pathogen recognition and innate immunity // Cell 2006- 124: 783−801.
- Alessi M.C., Bastelica D., Mavri A., Morange P., Berthet B., Grino M., Juhan-Vague I. Plasma PAI-1 levels are more strongly related to liver steatosis than to adipose tissue accumulation // Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2003- 23: 1262−8.
- Alessi M.C., Juhan-Vague I. PAI-1 and the metabolic syndrome: links, causes, and consequences // Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2006- 26(10): 2200−7.
- Avellone G., Di Garbo V., Cordova R., Raneli G., De Simone R., Bom-piani G. Coagulation, fibrinolysis and haemorheology in premenopausal obese women with different body fat distribution // Thromb Res 1994- 75(3): 223−31.
- Ay C., Tengler T., Vormittag R., Simanek R., Dorda W., Vukovich T., Pabinger I. Venous thromboembolism a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome // Haematologica 2007- 92(3): 374−80.
- Barinas-Mitchell E., Kuller L.H., Sutton-Tyrrell K., Hegazi R., Harper P., Mancino J., Kelley D.E. Effect of weight loss and nutritional intervention on arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes // Diabetes Care 2006- 29(10): 2218−22.
- Barnett A.H. Redefining the role of thiazolidinediones in the management of type 2 diabetes // Vase Health Risk Manag 2009- 5(1): 141−51.
- Bhagar K., Vallance P. Inflammatory cytokines impairs endothelium-dependent dilatation in human veins in vivo // Circulation 1997- 96: 3042−7.
- Bierhaus A., Humpert P.M., Morcos M., Wendt T., Chavakis T., Arnold
- B., Stern D.M., Nawroth P.P. Understanding RAGE, the receptor for advanced glycation end products // J Mol Med 2005- 83: 876−86.
- Bjorkelund C.5 Lissner L., Andersson S., Lapidus L., Bengtsson C. Reproductive history in relation to relative weight and fat distribution// Int J Obes Re-lat Metab Disord 1996- 20(3): 213−9.
- Bloomgarden Z.T. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and aspects of insulin action // Diabetes Care 2005- 28(9): 2312−9.
- Bodies A.M., Varma V., Yao-Borengasser A., Phanavanh B., Peterson
- C.A., McGehee R.E. Jr., Rasouli N., Wabitsch M., Kern P.A. Pioglitazone induces apoptosis of macrophages in human adipose tissue // J Lipid Res 2006- 47(9): 2080−8.
- Brussaard H.E., Gevers Leuven J.A., Krans H.M.J., Meijer P., Buytenhek R., Kluft C. Non-esterified fatty acids are related with hypofibrinolysis in type 2 diabetes mellitus // Fibrinolysis 1994- 8 (Suppl. 2): 25−7.
- Bucciarelli P., Mannucci P.M. The hemostatic system through aging and menopause // Climacteric 2009- 12 Suppl 1: 47−51.
- Bulcao C., Ribeiro-Filho F.F., Sanudo A., Roberta Ferreira S.G. Effects of simvastatin and metformin on inflammation and insulin resistance in individuals with mild metabolic syndrome // Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2007- 7(3): 219−24.
- Cai D., Yuan M., Frantz D.F., Melendez P.A., Hansen L., Lee J., Shoel-son S.E. Local and systemic insulin resistance resulting from hepatic activation of IKKP and NF-kB // Nat Med 2005- 11:183−90.
- Carr M.C., Brunzell J.D. Increased hepatic lipase activity and intraabdominal fat across the transition from pre- to postmenopause // Program of the 85th Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society, Philadelphia, PA 2003- Abstract: 2280.
- Choy J.C., Granville D.J., Hunt D.W., McManus B.M. Endothelial cell apoptosis: biochemical characteristics and potential implications for atherosclerosis // J Mol Cell Cardiol 2001- 33: 1673−90.
- Chu M.C., Cushman M., Solomon R., Lobo R.A. Metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women: the influence of oral or transdermal estradiol on inflammation and coagulation markers // Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008- 199(5): 526−7.
- Collins P. HDL-C in post-menopausal women: An important therapeutic target // Int J Cardiol 2008- 124(3): 275−82.
- Dekker J.M., Funahashi T., Nijpels G., Pilz S., Stehouwer C.D., Snijder M.B., Bouter L.M., Matsuzawa Y., Shimomura I., Heine R.J. Prognostic value of adiponectin for cardiovascular disease and mortality // J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008- 93(4): 1489−96.
- Dentali F., Romualdi E., Ageno W. The metabolic syndrome and the risk of thrombosis // Haematologica 2007- 92(3): 297−9.
- Devaraj S., Rosenson R.S., Jialal I. Metabolic syndrome: an appraisal of the pro-inflammatory and procoagulant status // Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2004- 33(2): 431−53.
- Devaraj S., Xu D.Y., Jialal I. C-reactive protein increases plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression and activity in human aortic endothelial cells: implications for the metabolic syndrome and atherothrombosis // Circulation 2003- 107: 398−404.
- Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifesyill intervention or metformin // N Engl J Med 2002- 346, 393103.
- Diamant M., Heine R.J. Thiazolidinediones in type 2 diabetes mellitus: current clinical evidence // Drugs 2003- 63(13): 1373−405.
- Eriksson A., Attvall S., Bonnier M., Eriksson J.W., Rosander B., Karlsson F.A. Short-term effects of metformin in type 2 diabetes // Diabetes Obes Metab 2007- 9(4): 483−9.
- Esposito K., Pontillo A., Di Palo C., Giugliano G., Masella M., Marfella R., Giugliano D. Effect of weight loss and lifestyle changes on vascular inflammatory markers in obese women: a randomized trial // JAMA 2003- 289: 1799−804.
- Festa A., D’Agostino R. Jr., Howard G., Mykkanen L., Tracy R.P., Haffner S.M. Chronic subclinical inflammation as part of the insulin resistance syndrome: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) // Circulation 2000- 102(1): 42−7.
- Festa A., D’Agostino R. Jr., Tracy R.P., Haffner S.M. Elevated levels of acute-phase proteins and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 predict the development of Type 2 diabetes: the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study // Diabetes 2002−51:1131−7.
- Festa A., Williams K., Tracy R.P., Wagenknecht L.E., Haffner S.M. Progression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and fibrinogen levels in relation to incident type II diabetes // Circulation 2006- 113: 1753−9.
- Frystyk J., Berne C., Berglund L., Jensevik K., Flyvberg A., Zethelius B. Serum adiponectin is a predictor of coronary heart disease: a population-based 10-year follow-up study in elderly men // J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007- 92: 571−6.
- Furukawa S., Fujita T., Shimabukuro M., Iwaki M., Yamada Y., Nakaji-ma Y., Nakayama O., Makishima M., Matsuda M., Shimomura I. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome // J Clin Invest 2004- 114: 1752−61.
- Giannessi D., Maltinti M., Del Ry S. Adiponectin circulating levels: a new emerging biomarker of cardiovascular risk // Pharmacol Res 2007- 56(6): 459−67.
- Godsland I.F., Crook D., Stevenson J.C., Collins P., Rosano G.M., Lees B., Sidhu M., Poole-Wilson P.A. Insulin resistance syndrome in postmenopausal women with cardiological syndrome X // Br Heart J 1995- 74(1): 47−52.
- Grant P.J. Beneficial effects of metformin on haemostasis and vascular function in man // Diabetes Metab 2003- 29(4 Pt 2): 6S44−52.
- Guzik T.J., Mangalat D., Korbut R. Adipocytokines novel link between inflammation and vascular function? // J Physiol Pharmacol 2006- 57(4): 505−28.
- Hankey C.R., Lean M.E., Lowe G.D., Rumley A., Woodward M. Effects of moderate weight loss on anginal symptoms and indices of coagulation and fibrinolysis in overweight patients with angina pectoris // Eur J Clin Nutr 2002- 56(10): 1039−45.
- Heilbronn L.K., Noakes M., Clifton P.M. Energy restriction and weight loss on very-low-fat diets reduce C-reactive protein concentrations in obese, healthy women // Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2001- 21: 968−70.169
- Hermann C., Assmus B., Urbich C., Zeiher A.M., Dimmeler S. Insulinmediated stimulation of protein kinase Akt: a potent survival signaling cascade for endothelial cells // Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2000- 20: 402−9.
- Heywood D.M., Mansfield M.W., Grant P.J. Factor VII gene polymorphisms, factor VII: C levels and features of insulin resistance in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus // Thromb Haemost 1996- 75: 401−6.
- Hidalgo L.A., Chedraui P.A., Morocho N., Alvarado M., Chavez D., Hue A. The metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women in Ecuador // Gynecol Endocrinol 2006- 22(8): 447−54.
- Hirosumi J., Tuncman G., Chang L., Gorgun C.Z., Uysal K.T., Maeda K., Karin M., Hotamisligil G.S. A central role for JNK in obesity and insulin resistance //Nature 2002- 420: 333−6.
- Hittel D.S., Kraus W.E., Hoffman E.P. Skeletal muscle dictates the fibrinolytic state after exercise training in overweight men with characteristics of metabolic syndrome // J Physiol 2003- 548(Pt 2): 401−10.
- Hotamisligil G.S. Mechanisms of TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance// Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 1999- 107: 119−25.
- Hotamisligil G.S., Arner P., Caro J.F., Atkinson R.L., Spiegelman B.M. Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human obesity and insulin resistance // J Clin Invest 1995- 95: 2409−15.
- Hotamisligil G.S., Murray D.L., Choy L.N., Spiegelman B.M. Tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibits signaling from the insulin receptor // Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994- 91:4854−8.
- Hotamisligil G.S., Peraldi P., Budavari A., Ellis R., White M.F., Spiegelman B.M. IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance // Science 1996- 271: 665−8.
- Hotamisligil G.S.: Inflammatory pathways and insulin action// Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003- 27 Suppl 3.: S53−5.
- Ibanez L., Lopez-Bermejo A., Diaz M., Marcos M.V., de Zegher F. Pubertal metformin therapy to reduce total, visceral, and hepatic adiposity // J Pediatr 2010- 156(1): 98−102.el.
- Ihara H., Urano T., Takada A., Loskutoff D.J. Induction of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene expression in adipocytes by thiazolidinediones // FASEB J 2001- 15: 1233−5.
- Isoda K., Young J.L., Zirlik A., MacFarlane L.A., Tsuboi N., Gerdes N., Schonbeck U., Libby P. Metformin inhibits proinflammatory responses and nuclear factor-kappaB in human vascular wall cells // Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2006- 26(3): 611−7.
- Itani S.I., Ruderman N.B., Schmieder F., Boden G. Lipid-induced insulin resistance in human muscle is associated with changes in diacylglycerol, protein kinase C, and IkappaB-alpha // Diabetes 2002- 51: 2005−11.
- Janssen I., Powell L.H., Crawford S., Lasley B., Sutton-Tyrrell K. Menopause and the metabolic syndrome: the Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation//Arch Intern Med 2008- 168(14): 1568−75.
- Jensen J., Nilas L., Christiansen C. Influence of menopause on serum lipids and lipoproteins // Maturitas 1990- 12: 321−31.
- Jespersen J., Bertina R.M., Haverkate F. Laboratory techniques in thrombosis. A Manual // Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers BV, 1999. 308 c.
- Jou H.J., Huang H.T. Metabolic syndrome: menopausal women and the health care challenge // Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2009- 48(3): 205−9.
- Juhan-Vague I, Alessi MC, Mavri A, Morange PE. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance and vascular risk // J Thromb Haemost 2003- 1: 1575−9.
- Juhan-Vague I., Alessi M.C., Vague P. Increased plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels. A possible link between insulin resistance and atheroth-rombosis // Diabetologia 1991- 34: 457−62.
- Juhan-Vague I., Pyke S.D.M., Alessi M.C., Jespersen J., Haverkate F., Thompson S.G. Fibrinolytic factors and the risk of myocardial infarction or sudden death in patients with angina pectoris // Circulation 1996- 94: 2057−63.
- Kadowaki T., Yamauchi T. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors // En-docr Rev 2005- 26: 439−51.
- Kahn B.B. Flier J.S. Obesity and insulin resistance // J Clin Invest 2000- 106: 473−81.
- Kim H.M., Park J., Ryu S.Y., Kim J. The effect of menopause on the metabolic syndrome among Korean women: the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001// Diabetes Care 2007- 30(3): 701−6.
- Kirpichnikov D., McFarlane S.I., Sowers J.R. Metformin: an update // Ann Intern Med 2002- 137(1): 25−33.
- Koerner A., Kratzsch J., Kiess W. Adipocytokines: leptin the classical, resistin — the controversical, adiponectin — the promising, and more to come // Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005- 19: 525−46.
- Kohler H.P. Insulin resistance syndrome: interaction with coagulation and fibrinolysis // Swiss Med Wkly 2002- 132(19−20): 241−52.
- Kohler H.P., Grant P.J. Plasminogen-activator inhibitor type 1 and coronary artery disease //N Engl J Med 2000- 342: 1792−1801.
- Kohler H.P., Mansfield M.W., Clark P. S., Grant P.J. Interaction between insulin resistance and factor XIIIVal34Leu in patients with coronary artery disease // Thromb Haemost 1999- 82: 1202−3.
- Kopelman P.G. Obesity as a medical problem // Nature 2000- 404: 63 543.
- Kopp C.W., Kopp H.P., Steiner S., Kriwanek S., Krzyzanowska K., Bartok A., Roka R., Minar E, Schernthaner G. Weight loss reduces tissue factor in morbidly obese patients // Obes Res 2003- 11(8): 950−6.
- Kotani K., Sakane N., Saiga K., Mu H., Kurozawa Y. Clustered components of the metabolic syndrome and platelet counts in Japanese females // Clin Chem Lab Med 2007- 45(3): 376−9.
- Landin K., Tengborn L., Smith U. Treating insulin resistance in hypertension with metformin reduces both blood pressure and metabolic risk factors // J Intern Med 1991- 229(2): 181−7.
- Lau D.C., Dhillon B., Yan H., Szmitlco P.E., Verma S. Adipokines: molecular links between obesity and atheroslcerosis // Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005- 288(5): H2031−41.
- Lau D.C., Schillabeer G., Li Z.H., Wong K.L., Varzaneh F.E., Tough S.C. Paracrine interactions in adipose tissue development and growth // Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996- 20, Suppl 3: S16−25.
- Lee J.Y., Sohn K.H., Rhee S.H., Hwang D. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through Toll-like receptor 4 // J Biol Chem 2001- 276(20): 16 683−9.
- Leinonen E., Hurt-Camejo E., Wiklund O., Hulten L.M., Hiukka A., Taskinen M.R. Insulin resistance and adiposity correlate with acute-phase reactionand soluble cell adhesion molecules in type 2 diabetes // Atherosclerosis 2003- 166: 387−94.
- Li S., Shin H.J., Ding E.L., van Dam R.M. Adiponectin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis // JAMA 2009- 302(2): 179−88.
- Li Z., McNamara J.R., Fruchart J.C., Luc G., Bard J.M., Ordovas J.M., Wilson P.W., Schaefer E.J. Effects of gender and menopausal status on plasma lipoprotein subspecies and particle sizes // J Lipid Res 1996- 37: 1886−96.
- Lin Y., Raj ala M.W., Berger J.P., Moller D.E., Barzilai N., Scherer P.E. Hyperglycemia-induced production of acute phase reactants in adipose tissue // J Biol Chem 2001- 276: 42 077−83.
- Lindahl B., Asplund K., Eliasson M., Evrin P.-E. Insulin resistance syndrome and fibrinolytic activity: the Northern Sweden Monica study // Int J Epidemiol 1996- 25: 291−9.
- Lobo R.A. Metabolic syndrome after menopause and the role of hormones //Maturitas 2008- 60(1): 10−8.
- Lopez-Alemany R., Redondo J.M., Nagamine Y., Munoz-Canoves P. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 inhibits insulin signaling by competing with alphavbeta3 integrin for vitronectin binding // Eur J Biochem 2003- 270: 814−21.
- Mak K.H., Ma S., Heng D., Tan C.E., Tai E.S., Topol E.J., Chew S.K. Impact of sex, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular events // Am J Cardiol 2007- 100(2): 227−33.
- Mansfield M.W., Heywood D.M., Grant P.J. Circulating levels of factor VII, fibrinogen, and von Willebrand factor and features of insulin resistance in first-degree relatives of patients with NIDDM // Circulation 1996- 94: 2171−6.
- Marfella R., Acampora R., Verrazzo G., Ziccardi P., De Rosa N, Giunta R., Giugliano D. Metformin improves hemodynamic and rheological responses to L-arginine in NIDDM patients // Diabetes Care 1996- 19(9): 934−9.
- Martens F.M., Visseren F.L., Lemay J., de Koning E.J., Rabelink T.J. Metabolic and additional vascular effects of thiazolidinediones // Drugs 2002- 62(10): 1463−80.
- McCarty M.F. De novo synthesis of diacylglycerol in endothelium may mediate the association between PAI-1 and the insulin resistance syndrome// Med Hypotheses 2005- 64(2): 388−93.
- Mertens I., Van Gaal L.F. Obesity, haemostasis and the fibrinolytic system// Obes Rev 2002- 3(2): 85−101.
- Miller G.J. Lipoprotein and thrombosis: effects of lipid lowering // Curr PinLipidol 1995−6:38−42.
- Mohamed-Ali V., Pinkney J.H., Coppack S.W. Adipose tissue as an endocrine and paracrine organ // Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1998- 22: 1145−58.
- Moller D.E. Potential role of TNF-alpha in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes // Trends Endocrinol Metab 2000- 11: 212−7.
- Moyer M.P., Tracy R.P., Tracy P.B., van’t Veer C., Sparks C.E., Mann K.G. Plasma lipoproteins support prothrombinase and other procoagulant enzymatic complexes // Arteriosclerosis Thromb Vase Biol 1998- 18: 458−65.
- Nakamura T., Ushiyama C., Shimada N., Hayashi K., Ebihara I., Koide H. Comparative effects of pioglitazone, glibenclamide, and voglibose on urinary endothelin-1 and albumin excretion in diabetes patients // J Diabetes Complications 2000- 14(5): 250−4.
- Neumeier M., Weigert J., Schaffler A., Wehrwein G., Muller-Ladner U., Scholmerich J., Wrede C., Buechler C. Different effects of adiponectin isoforms in human monocytic cells // J Leukoc Biol 2006- 79: 803−8.
- Nieuwdorp M., Stroes E.S., Meijers J.C., Buller H. Hypercoagulability in the metabolic syndrome // Curr Opin Pharmacol 2005- 5(2): 155−9.
- Ozcan U., Cao Q., Yilmaz E., Lee A.H., Iwakoshi N.N., Ozdelen E., Tuncman G., Gorgiin C., Glimcher L.H., Hotamisligil G.S. Endoplasmic reticulum stress links obesity, insulin action, and type 2 diabetes // Science 2004- 306: 45 761.
- Paoletti R., Bolego C., Poli A., Cignarella A. Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis // Vase Health Risk Manag 2006- 2(2): 145−52.
- Pasceri V., Willerson J.T., Yeh E.T. Direct proinflammatory effect of C-reactive protein on human endothelial cells // Circulation 2000- 102: 2165−8.
- Pasceri V., Wu H.D., Willerson J.T., Yeh E.T. Modulation of vascular inflammation in vitro and in vivo by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma activators // Circulation 2000- 101: 235−8.
- Petrazzi L., Grassi D., Polidoro L., D’Aurelio A., Croce G., Properzi G., Tiberti S., Desideri G., Ferri C. Cardiovascular risk and cardiometabolic protection: role of glitazones // J Nephrol 2008- 21(6): 826−35.
- Peverill R.E., Teede H.J., Malan E., Kotsopoulos D., Smolich J.J., McGrath B.P. Relationship of waist and hip circumference with coagulation and fibrinolysis in postmenopausal women // Clin Sci (Lond) 2007- 113(9): 383−91.
- Poehlman E.T., Toth M.J., Ades P.A., Rosen C.J. Menopause-associated changes in plasma lipids, insulin-like growth factor I and blood pressure: a longitudinal study // Eur J Clin Invest 1997- 27(4): 322−6.
- Poehlman E.T., Toth M.J., Gardner A.W. Changes in energy balance and body composition at menopause: a controlled longitudinal study // Ann Intern Med 1995- 123(9): 673−5.
- Pradhan A.D., Manson J.E., Rifai N., Buring J.E., Ridker P.M. C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus // JAMA 2001- 286: 327−34.
- Qi Y., Takahashi N., Hileman S.M., Patel H.R., Berg A.H., Pajvani U.B., Scherer P.E., Ahima R.S. Adiponectin acts in the brain to decrease body weight// Nat Med 2004- 10:524−9.
- Ragab A., Abousamra N.K., Higazy A., Saleh O. Relationship between insulin resistance and some coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome // Lab Hematol 2008- 14(1): 1−6.
- Ramasamy R., Yan S.F., Schmidt A.M. The RAGE axis and endothelial dysfunction: maladaptive roles in the diabetic vasculature and beyond // Trends Cardiovasc Med 2005- 15: 237−43.
- Ridker P.M. Clinical application of C-reactive protein for cardiovascular disease detection and prevention // Circulation 2003- 107: 363−9.
- Ridker P.M., Buring J.E., Cook N.R., Rifai N. C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular events: an 8-year follow-up of 14,719 initially healthy American women // Circulation 2003- 107: 391−7.
- Rissanen P., Vahtera E., Krusius T., Uusitupa M., Rissanen A. Weight change and blood coagulability and fibrinolysis in healthy obese women // Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001- 25(2): 212−8.
- Sakkinen P.A., Wahl P., Cushmann M., Lewis M.R., Tracy R.P. Clustering of procoagulation, inflammation, and fibrinolysis variables with metabolic factors in insulin resistance syndrome // Am J Epidemiol 2000- 152: 897—907.
- Salobir B., Sabovic M. A metabolic syndrome independent association between overweight, fibrinolysis impairment and low-grade inflammation in young women with venous thromboembolism // Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2006- 17(7): 551−6.
- Savage D.B., Petersen K.F., Shulman G.I. Mechanisms of insulin resistance in humans and possible links with inflammation // Hypertension 2005- 45(5): 828−33.
- Schuit A.J., Schouten E.G., Kluft C., de Maat M., Menheere P.P., Kok F.J. Effect of strenuous exercise on fibrinogen and fibrinolysis in healthy elderly men and women // Thromb Haemostas 1997- 78: 845−51.
- Shoelson S.E., Lee J., Goldfine A.B. Inflammation and insulin resistance //J Clin Invest 2006- 116(7): 1793−801.
- Skrha J., Prazny M., Hilgertova J., Kvasnicka J., Kalousova M., Zima T. Oxidative stress and endothelium influenced by metformin in type 2 diabetes mel-litus // Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007- 63(12): 1107−14.
- Skurk T., Hauner H. Obesity and impaired fibrinolysis: role of adipose production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 // Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004- 28(11): 1357−64.
- Smith S.A. Central role of the adipocyte in the insulin-sensitising and cardiovascular risk modifying actions of the thiazolidinediones // Biochimie 2003- 85(12): 1219−30.
- Sobel B.E., Taatjes D.J., Schneider D.J. Intramural plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 and coronary atherosclerosis // Arterioscler Thromb Vase Biol 2003- 23: 1979−89.
- Sola E., Vaya A., Villa P., Espana F., Estelles A., Garcia K., Hernandez-Mijares A. Obesity and activated protein C resistance // Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb 2008- 36(2): 64−8.
- Souza S.C., Yamamoto M.T., Franciosa M.D., Lien P., Greenberg A.S. BRL 49 653 blocks the lipolytic actions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: a potential new insulin-sensitizing mechanism for thiazolidinediones // Diabetes 1998- 47: 691−5.
- Standeven K.F., Ariens R.A., Whitaker P., Ashcroft A.E., Weisel J.W., Grant P.J. The effect of dimethylbiguanide on thrombin activity, FXIII activation, fibrin polymerization, and fibrin clot formation // Diabetes 2002- 51(1): 189−97.
- Summers S.A. Ceramides in insulin resistance and lipotoxicity // Prog Lipid Res 2006- 45: 42−72.
- Swiatkowska-Stodulska R., Skibowska-Bielinska A., Bakowska A., Wisniewski P., Sworczak K. Assessment of selected haemostatic parameters in obese patients. // Endokrynol Pol 2007- 58(6): 505−9.
- Szmitko P.E., Teoh H., Stewart D.J., Verma S. Adiponectin and cardiovascular disease // Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007- 292: HI655−63.
- Tanita T., Miyakoshi H., Nakano Y. Performance of ELISA for specific measurement of high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin // J Immunol Methods 2008- 333(1−2): 139−46.
- Tchernof A., Nolan A., Sites C.K., Ades P.A., Poehlman E.T. Weight loss reduces C-reactive protein levels in obese postmenopausal women // Circulation 2002- 105: 564−9.
- Tilg H., Moschen A.R. Adipocytokines: mediators linking adipose tissue, inflammation and immunity // Nat Rev Immunol 2006- 6: 772−83.
- Toth M.J., Tchernof A., Sites C.K., Poehlman E.T. Effect of menopausal status on body composition and abdominal fat distribution // Int J Obes Relat Me-tab Disord 2000- 24(2): 226−31.
- Trolle B., Lauszus F.F., Frystyk J., Flyvbjerg A. Adiponectin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: impact of metformin treatment in a randomized controlled study // Fertil Steril 2010- Epub ahead of print.
- Trost S., Pratley R., Sobel B. Impaired fibrinolysis and risk for cardiovascular disease in the metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes // Curr Diab Rep 2006- 6: 47−54.
- Tsigos C., Kyrou I., Chala E., Tsapagos P., Stavridis J.C., Raptis S.A., Katsilambros N.: Circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations are higher in abdominal versus peripheral obesity // Metabolism 1999- 48: 1332−5.
- UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34) // Lancet 1998- 352(9131): 854−65.
- Unger RH. Lipid overload and overflow: metabolic trauma and the metabolic syndrome // Trends Endocrinol Metab 2003- 14(9): 398−403.
- Uysal K.T., Wiesbrock S.M., Marino M.W., Hotamisligil G.S. Protection from obesity-induced insulin resistance in mice lacking TNF-a function // Nature 1997−389:610−4.
- Velthuis-te Wierik E.J.M., Meijer P., Kluft C., Berg V.D., Weststrate J.A. Consumption of reduced-fat products, haemostatic parameters and oral glucose tolerance test//Fibrinolysis 1996- 10: 159−66.
- Ventre J., Doebber T., Wu M., MacNaul K., Stevens K., Pasparakis M., Kollias G., Moller D.E. Targeted disruption of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene: Metabolic consequences in obese and nonobese mice // Diabetes 1997- 46: 1526−31.
- Verma S., Li S.H., Badiwala M.V., Weisel R.D., Fedak P.W., Li R.K., Dhillon B., Mickle D.A. Endothelin antagonism and interleukin-6 inhibition attenuate the proatherogenic effects of C-reactive protein // Circulation 2002- 105: 1890−6.
- Verma S., Wang C.H., Weisel R.D., Badiwala M.V., Li S.H., Fedak P.W., Li R.K., Mickle D.A. Hyperglycemia potentiates the proatherogenic effects of C-reactive portein: reversal with rosiglitazone // J Mol Cell Cardiol 2003- 35: 417−9.
- Visser M., Bouter L.M., McQuillan G.M., Wener M.H., Harris T.B. Elevated C-reactive protein levels in overweight and obese adults // JAMA 1999- 282: 2131−5.
- Vlek A.L., van der Graaf Y., Spiering W., Visseren F.L.- SMART study group. Effect of metabolic syndrome or type II diabetes mellitus on the occurrence of recurrent vascular events in hypertensive patients // J Hum Hypertens 2008- 22(5): 358−65.
- Wang C.H., Li S.H., Weisel R.D., Fedak P.W., Dumont A.S., Szmitko P., Li R.K., Mickle D.A., Verma S. C-reactive protein upregulates angiotensin type 1 receptors in vascular smooth muscle // Circulation 2003- 107: 1783−90.185
- Wang P., Ba Z.F., Chaudry I.H. Administration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in vivo depresses endothelium-dependent relaxation // Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 1994- 266: H2535−41.
- Wannamethee S.G., Lowe G.D., Shaper A.G., Rumley A., Lennon L., Whincup P.H. The metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance: relationship to haemostatic and inflammatory markers in older non-diabetic men // Atherosclerosis 2005- 181(1): 101−8.
- Warner D., Mansfield M.W., Grant P.J. Coagulation factor XIII and cardiovascular disease in UK Asians patients undergoing coronary angiography // Thromb Haemost 2001- 85: 408−11.
- Weisberg S.P., McCann D., Desai M., Rosenbaum M., Leibel R.L., Ferrante A.W. Jr. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue//J Clin Invest 2003- 112: 1796−808.
- Werner E.D., Lee J., Hansen L., Yuan M., Shoelson S.E. Insulin resistance due to phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 at serine 302 // J Biol Chem 2004- 279: 35 298−305.
- Wisse B.E. The inflammatory syndrome: the role of adipose tissue cytokines in metabolic disorders linked to obesity // J Am Soc Nephrol 2004- 15(11): 2792−800.
- Wolf A.M., Wolf D., Rumpold H., Enrich B., Tilg H. Adiponectin induces the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1RA in human leukocytes // Bio-chem Biophys Res Commun 2004- 323: 630−5.
- Wulffele M. G, Kooy A., de Zeeuw D., Stehouwer C.D., Gansevoort R.T. The effect of metformin on blood pressure, plasma cholesterol and triglycerides in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review // J Intern Med 2004- 256(1): 1−14.186
- Xu A., Yin S., Wong L., Chan K.W., Lam K.S. Adiponectin ameliorates dyslipidemia induced by the human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitor ritonavir in mice // Endocrinology 2004- 145: 487−94.
- Yamaguchi N., Argueta J.G., Masuhiro Y., Kagishita M., Nonaka K., Sai-to T., Hanazawa S., Yamashita Y. Adiponectin inhibits Toll-like receptor fami-lyinduced signaling // FEBS Lett 2005- 579: 6821−6.
- Yan H., Aziz E., Shillabeer G., Wong A., Shanghavi D., Kermouni A., Abdel-Hafez M., Lau D.C. Nitric oxide promotes differentiation of rat white adipocytes in culture // J Lipid Res 2002- 43: 2123−9.
- Yki-Jarvinen H. Thiazolidinediones // N Engl J Med 2004- 351(11): 1106−18.
- Yu J.G., Javorschi S., Hevener A.L., Kruszynska Y.T., Norman R.A., Sinha M., Olefsky J.M. The effect of thiazolidinediones on plasma adiponectin levels in normal, obese, and type 2 diabetic subjects // Diabetes 2002- 51: 2968−74.
- Yuan M., Konstantopoulos N., Lee J., Hansen L., Li Z.W., Karin M., Shoelson S.E. Reversal of obesity- and diet-induced insulin resistance with salicylates or targeted disruption of Ikkbeta // Science 2001- 293: 1673−7.
- Zick Y. Ser/Thr phosphorylation of IRS proteins: a molecular basis for insulin resistance // Sei STKE 2005- 268: e4.