Исследование каталитических реакций в гетерогенных средах методом 1H ЯМР томографии in situ
Диссертация
Существуют математические модели, описывающие сложные процессы, происходящие в многофазном реакторе, однако они требуют экспериментальной проверки, так как до сих пор невозможно было визуализировать процессы, происходящие внутри гранулы катализатора. Для определения безопасных условий работы каталитических реакторов необходимо экспериментально исследовать критические явления на пористом зерне… Читать ещё >
Список литературы
- S.L. Talagala, I.J. Lowe, Introduction to magnetic resonance imaging, Concepts Magn. Reson., 1991, 3, 145−159.
- W. Kuhn, NMR microscopy fundamentals, limits and possible applications, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1990, 29, 1,1−112.
- I.V. Koptyug, V.B. Fenelonov, L.Yu. Khitrina, R.Z. Sagdeev, V.N. Parmon, In situ NMR imaging studies of the drying kinetics of porous catalyst support pellets, J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998, 102, 3090−3098.
- I.V. Koptyug, S.I. Kabanikhin, K.T. Iskakov, V.B. Fenelonov, L.Yu. Khitrina, R.Z. Sagdeev, V.N. Parmon, A quantitative NMR imaging study of mass transport in porous solids during drying, Chem. Eng. Sci., 2000, 55, 1559−1571.
- A. Tzalmona, R.L. Armstrong, M. Menzinger, A. Cross, C. Lemaire, Detection of chemical waves by magnetic resonance imaging, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1990, 174(2), 199−202.
- A.V. Kulikov, N.A. Kuzin, A.B. Shigarov, V.A. Kirillov, A.E. Kronberg, K.R. Westerterp, Experimental study of vaporization effect on steady state and dynamic behavior of catalytic pellets, Catalysis Today, 2001, 66, 255−262.
- B.A. Кириллов, Реакторы с участием газа, жидкости и твердого неподвижного катализатора, Новосибирск, Изд. СО РАН, 1997,483 с.
- F. Bloch, W.W. Hansen, М. Packard, Nuclear Induction, Phys. Rev., 1946, 70, 460−463.
- E.M. Purcell, H.C. Torrey, R.V. Pound, Resonance absorption by nuclear magnetic moments in a solid, Phys. Rev., 1946, 69, 37−38.
- P.C. Lauterbur, Imaging formation by induced local interactions: examples employing nuclear magnetic resonance, Nature, 1973, 242,190−191.
- P. Mansfield, P.K. Grannell, NMR «diffraction» in solids, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys., 1973,6, 422−426.
- P. Mansfield, P.K. Grannell, Diffraction and microscopy in solids and liquids by NMR, Phys. Rev: B, 1975, 12, 3618−3634.
- И.В. Коптюг, Р. З. Сагдеев, Современные физико-химические приложения ЯМР-томографии. Специфика метода и его применение для исследования объектов, содержащих жидкости, Успехи химии, 2002, 71,7, 672−699.
- Л.Ю. Ильина, Исследование массопереноса жидкой фазы в пористых гранулах катализаторов и сорбентов методом! Н ЯМР томографии in situ, Дисс.канд. хим. наук, ИК СО РАН, Новосибирск, 2001.
- И.В. Коптюг, ЯМР томография процессов массопереноса и химических превращений в гетерогенных системах, Дисс. доктора хим. наук, ИКСОРАН, Новосибирск, 2003.
- Колебания и бегущие волны в химических системах, М.: Мир, 1988, 720 е., (Oscillations and traveling waves in chemical systems, Eds. R.J. Field, M. Burger, A Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1985).
- И.В. Коптюг, Р. З. Сагдеев, Нетрадиционные приложения метода ЯМР-томографии для исследования процессов транспорта вещества, Успехи химии, 2003, 72,2, 183−212.
- S. Ahuja, S.L. Dieckman, N. Gopalsami, А.С. Raptis, *Н NMR imaging and spectroscopy studies of the polymerization of acrylamide gels, Macromolecules, 1996,29, 5356−5360.
- P. Jackson, N.J. Clayden, N. J. Walton, T.A. Carpenter, L.D. Hall, D. Jezzard, Magnetic resonance imaging studies of the polymerization of methylcrylate, Polym. Int., 1991, 24, 139 143.
- A. Jamazaki, Y. Hotta, H. Kurosu, I. Ando, Spatial distribution of paramagnetic Mn2+ ions in a composite PMAA gel with the application of an electric field as studied by *HNMR imaging method, J. Mol. Struct., 2000, 554,47−53.
- P. Blumler, B. Bluemich, NMR imaging of elastomers: a review, Rubber Chem. Technol., 1997, 70, 468−518.
- C. Fulber, K. Unseld, V. Herrmen, K.H. Jakob, B. Bluemich, In situ investigation of SBR vulcanization: а сombined s tudy о f1H NMR and vulcametry, Сolloid Polym. Sci., 1996, 2 74, 191−196.
- P. Jackson, Curing of carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy resin- non-invasive viscosity measurement by NMR imaging, J. Material Science, 1992,27, 1302−1306.
- B.J. Balcom, T.A. Carpenter, L.D. Hall, Methacrylic acid polymerization. Travelling waves observed by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Macromolecules, 1992, 25, 6818−6823.
- T.J. Lees, В J. Balcom, Magnetic resonance imaging of spatially resolved acrylamide polymerization, Magn. Res. Chem., 2003, 41, 229−236.
- T.G. Nunes, R. Pires, J. Pertigao, A. Amorim, M. Polido, The study of a commercial dental resin by *H stray-field magnetic resonance imaging, Polymer, 2001, 42, 8051−8054.
- U. Guenter, K. Albert, M. Grossa, Monitoring of photopolymerization processes by NMR imaging,/. Magn. Res., 1992, 98,93−598.
- A. Ertl, A. Ber, M. Zehetmayer, P. Frigo, High-resolution dose profile studies based on1. TA/f
- MR imaging with polymer B ABG gels in stereotactic radiation techniques, Magn. Res. Imag., 2000,18,343−349.
- M. McJury, M. Oldham, M.O. Leach, S. Webb, Dynamics of polymerization in polyacrylamide gel (PAG) dosimeters: (I) ageing and long-term stability, Phys. Med. Biol., 1999, 44, 1863−1873.
- P. Haraldsson, S.A.J. Baeck, P. Mangnusson, L.L. Olsson, Dose response characteristics and basic dose distribution data for a polymerization-based dosimeter gel evaluated using MR, Brit. J. Radiol., 2000, 73, 58−65.
- B.J. Balcom, T.J. Lees, A.R. Sharp, N.S. Kulakarni, G.S. Wagner, Diffusion in Fe (II/III) radiation dosimetry gels measured by magnetic resonance imaging, Phys. Med. Biol., 1995, 40, 1665−1676.
- W. Hansen, P. Ruoff, Characterization of a manganese-catalyzed bromate-driven oscillator within the 'H NMR framework, J. Phys. Chem., 1989, 93, 264−269.
- A.R. Cross, R.L. Armstrong, A. Reid, S. Su, M. Menzinger, Contrast enhancement of magnetic resonance images of chemical waves in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, J. Phys. Chem., 1995,99, 16 616−16 621.
- A. Tzalmona, R.L. Armstrong, M. Menzinger, A. Cross, C. Lemaire, Measurement of the velocity of chemical waves by magnetic resonance imaging, Chem. Phys. Lett., 1992, 188(5−6), 457−461.
- M. Menzinger, A. Tzalmona, R.L. Amstrong, A. Cross, C. Lemaire, Dynamics of convective instability of waves in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction as measured by magnetic resonance imaging, J. Phys. Chem., 1992, 96, 12, 4725−4727.
- S. Su, R.L. Amstrong, M. Menzinger, A. Cross, C. Lemaire, Detection of critical mode convection in the presence of a thermal gradient using chemical waves as a passive indicator, J. Chem. Phys., 1993, 98(9), 7595−7599.
- S. Su, M. Menzinger, R.L. Amstrong, A. Cross, C. Lemaire, Magnetic resonance imaging of kinematic wave and pacemaker dynamics in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, J. Phys. Chem., 1994, 98, 2494−2498.
- A. Cross, R.L. Amstrong, C. Gobrecht, M. Paton, C. Ware, Three dimensional imaging of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction using magnetic resonance, Magn. Res. Imaging, 1997, 15(6), 719−725.
- Y. Gao, A.R. Cross, R.L. Amstrong, Magnetic resonance imaging of ruthenium-, cerium-, and ferroin-catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky reactions, Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 10 159−10 164.
- B.J. Balcom, T.A. Carpenter, L.D. Hall, Spatial and temporal visualization of two aqueous iron oxidation-reduction reactions by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, 312, 312−313.
- B.J. Balcom, T.A. Carpenter, L.D. Hall, Spatial and temporal visualization of a pH-dependent conplexation equilibrium by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, Can. J. Chem., 1992, 70, 2693−2697.
- K. Potter, B.J. Balcom, T.A. Carpenter, L.D. Hall, The gelation of sodium alginate with calcium ions studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Carbohydr. Res., 1994, 257, 117 126.
- J.J. Tessier, T.A. Carpenter, L.D. Hall, A combined magnetization-transfer and null-point technique for studying gelation processes by magnetic resonance imaging, J. Magn. Res. A, 1995, 113, 232−234.
- A.A. Obynochny, A.G. Maryasov, K.A. Il’yasov, O.I. Gnezdilov, K.M. Salikhov, MRI study of spatial distribution of photochemical reaction products, Appl. Magn. Res., 1999, 17, 609−614.
- L.G. Butter, D.G.Cory, K.M. Dooley, J.B.Miller, A.N. Garroway, NMR imaging of anisotropic solid-state chemical reactions using multiple-pulse line-narrowing techniques and 'H Ti weighting, J ACS, 1992,114,125−135.
- E.H.L. Yuen, A J. Sederman, L.F. Gladden, In situ magnetic resonance visualization of the spatial variation of catalytic conversion within a fixed-bed reactor, Appl. Catal. A: General, 2002, 232, 29−38.
- E.H.L. Yuen, A.J. Sederman, F. Sani, P. Alexander, L.F. Gladden, Correlation between local conversion and hydrodynamics in a 3-D fixed-bed esterefication process: An MRI and lattice-Boltzmann study, Chem. Eng. Sci., 2003, 58, 613−619.
- M. Kueppers, C. Heine, S. Han, S. Stapf, B. Bluemich, In situ observation of diffusion and reaction dynamics in gel microreactors by chemically resolved NMR microscopy, Appl. Magn. Res., 2002, 22, 235−246.
- P. Glansdorff, I. Prigogene, Thermodynamic theory of structure, stability and fluctuations, Wiley (Interscience), New York, 1971.
- Д. Гарел, О. Гарел, Колебательные химические реакции, М.: Мир, 1986, 148 е., (D. Gureel, О. Gurrel, Oscillations in chemical reactions, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1983).
- A.M. Жаботинский, Периодические процессы окисления малоновой кислоты в растворе (исследование кинетики реакции Белоусова), Биофизика, 1964, 9, 306−311.
- A.N. Zaikin, A.M. Zhabotinskii, Concetration wave propagation in a two-dimensional, liquid-phase self-oscillating system, Nature, 1970, 225, 535−537.
- J.N. Demas, D. Dimente, An oscillating chemical reaction with a luminescent indicator, J. Chem. Educ., 1973, 50, 357−358.
- A.M. Жаботинский, Периодические окислительные реакции в жидкой фазе, ДАН СССР, 1964,157(2), 392−395.
- G.J. Kasperek, Т.С. Bruice, Observations of an oscillating reaction. The reaction of potassium bromate, eerie sulface and dicarboxylic acid, Inogr. Chem., 1971, 10, 382−386.
- L. Bornmann, H. Busse, B. Hess, Oscillatory oxidation of malonic acid by bromate, part 3. C02 and Br03' titration, Z. Naturforsch., 1973, C28, 514−516.
- Z. Noszticzius, Periodic carbon monooxide evolution in an oscillating reaction, J. Phys. Chem., 1977, 81, 185−186.
- S.S. Jacobs, I.R. Epstein, Effects of chloride ion on oscillations in the bromate-cerium-malonic acid system, JACS, 1976,98,1721−1724.
- R.J. Field, Chemistry of inorganic systems exhibiting non-monotonic behavior, in Theoretical сhemistry: periodicities in сhemistry and biology (Eds. H. Eyring, D. Henderson), Academic Press, New York, 1978,4, 53−110.
- R.J. Field, R.M. Noyes, Oscillations in chemical systems, Part 4. Limit cycle behavior in a model of a real chemical reaction,./ Chem. Phys., 1974, 60, 1877−1884.
- W.C. Bray, A periodic reaction in homogeneous solution and its relation to catalysis, JACS, 1921,43, 1262−1267.
- T.S. Briggs, W.C. Rauscher, An oscillating iodine clock, J. Chem. Educ., 1973, 50,496.
- R.J. Field, R.M. Noyes, Oscillations in chemical systems, Part 5. Quantitative explanation of band migration in the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction, JACS, 1974, 96, 2001−2006.
- J.J. Tyson, J.P. Keener, Singular perturbation theory of traveling waves in excitable media (a review), Physica D, 1988, 32,327−361.
- H.G. Busse, A spatial periodic homogeneous chemical reaction, J. Phys. Chem., 1969, 73, 750.
- П.А. Эпик, H.C. Шит, Фронтальное продвижение реакции окисления арсенита иодатом, ДАН СССР, 1955, 100, 503−506.
- T.A. Gribschaw, К. Showalter, D.L. Banville, I.R. Epstein, Chemical waves in the acidic iodate oxidation of arsenite, J. Phys. Chem., 1981, 85, 2152−2155.
- A. Hanna, A. Saul, K. Showalter, Chemical waves in the iodate-arsenous acid system, in Non-linear phenomena in chemical dynamics (Eds C. Vidal, A. Pacault), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1981, 160−165.
- P. DeKepper, I.R.Epstein, K. Kustin, Systematic design of chemical oscillators. 3. Bistability in the oxidation of arsenite by iodate in a stirred flow reactor, JACS, 1981, 103, 61 216 127.
- A. Hanna, A. Saul, K. Showalter, Detailed studies of propagating fronts in the iodate oxidation of arsenous acid, JACS, 1982, 104, 3838−3844.
- B.A. Кириллов, B.A. Кузьмин, H.A. Кузин, A.C. Умбетов, В. М. Ханаев, Тепломассоперенос при «химическом» кипении жидкостей, ИФЖ, 1987, 52(6), 910−916.
- В.А. Кириллов, H.A. Кузин, В. Н. Гаврилов, В. А. Кузьмин, Наблюдаемая скорость гетерогенно-каталитической реакции, сопровождающейся фазовыми превращениями на поверхности катализатора, Кинетика и катализ, 1995, 36(5), 674−679.
- W.B. Sims, S.W. Gaskey, D. Luss, Effect of flow regime and liquid velocity on conversion in a trickle-bed reactor, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1994, 33, 2530−2539.
- B.A. Кириллов, B.A. Кузьмин, H.A. Кузин, В. П. Денежкин, А. Н. Стегасов, Математическая модель экзотермического процесса разложения перекиси водорода в неподвижном слое катализатора, ТОХТ, 1993,27(5), 508−513.
- T.A. Nijhuis, F.M. Dautzenberg, J.A. Moulijn, Modeling of monolithic and trickle-bed reactors for the hydrogenation of styrene, Chem. Eng. Sei., 2003, 58, 1113−1124.
- А.Н. Germain, A.G. Levebvre, G.A. L’Homme, Experimental S tudy о f Catalytic Trickle Bed Reactor, Adv. Chem. Ser., 1974,133, 164-.
- A.A. El-Hisnawi, M.P. Dudukovic, P.L. Mills, Trickle-bed reactor: dynamic tracer tests, Reaction in studies and modeling reactor performance, ACS Symposium Series, 1982,196, 421-.
- F. Turek, R. Lange, Mass transfer in trickle-bed reactors at low Reynolds number, Chem. Eng. Sei., 1981, 36, 573-.
- R.L. McManus, G.A. Funk, M.P.Harold, K.M.Ng, Experimental study of reaction in trickle-bed reactors with liquid maldistribution, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1993, 32, 570−574.
- M.R. Khadilkar, X.Y. Wu, M.H. Al-Dahhan, M.P. Dudukovic, Comparison of trickle-bed and upflow reactor performance at high pressure: model predictions and experimental observations, Chem. Eng. Sei., 1996, 51, 2139-.
- P. Cini, M.P.Harold, Experimental study of the tubular multiphase catalyst, AIChEJ., 1991, 37, 997−1008.
- В.А. Кириллов, Н. А. Кузин, А. В. Куликов, Б. Н. Лукьянов, В. М. Ханаев, А. Б. Шигаров, Исследование внешнедиффузионного режима газофазных реакций гидрирования углеводородов на зерне катализатора, ТОХГ, 2000, 34(5), 526−536.
- P.C. Watson, М.Р. Harold, Dynamic effects of vaporization with exothermic reaction in a porous catalytic pellet, AIChEJ., 1993, 39, 989−1006.
- E.Segal, R.J. Madon, M. Boudart, Catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene: 1. Vapor-phase reaction on supported platinum, J. Catal, 1978, 52, 45−49.
- R.J. Madon, J.P. O’Connell, M. Boudart, Catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene: Part II. Liquid p hase reaction о n s upported p latinum i n a g radientless s lurry r eactor, A IChE J., 1978, 24(5), 904−911.
- E.E. Gonzo, M. Boudart, Catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene: 3. Gas-phase and liquidphase reaction on supported palladium, J. Catal., 1978, 52, 462−471.
- J. Hanika, V. Ehlova, Effect of internal diffusion on kinetics of liquid phase hydrogenation and disproportionation of cyclohexene on palladium catalyst, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 1989, 54, 3003−3010.
- S.B. Jaffe, Hot spot simulation in commercial hydrogenation processes, Ind. Eng. Chem., Process Des. Dev., 1976, 15(3), 410−416.
- M.V. Rajashkharam, R. Jaganathan, R.V. Chaudhari, A trickle-bed reactor model for hydrogenation of 2, 4-dinitrotoluene: experimental verification, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1998, 53, 787 805.
- J. Ruzicka, J. Hanika, Partial wetting and forced reaction mixture transition in a model trickle-bed reactor, Catalysis Today, 1994,20,467−484.
- G. Eigenberger, U. Wegerle, Runaway in an industrial hydrogenation reactor, Chemical reaction engineering symposium, 1982, Boston, 133.
- P.M. Haure, R.R. Hudgins, P.L. Silveston, Periodic operation of a trickle-bed reactor, AIChEJ., 1989, 35(9), 1437−1444.
- S.K. Bhatia, Steady state multiplicity and partial of catalyst particles, AIChEJ., 1988, 34(6), 969−979.
- S.J. Parulekar, S. Raghuram, J.T. Shah, Multiple steady state in adiabatic gas-liquid-solid reactor, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1980,35(3), 745−750.
- R. Ни, T.C. Ho, Steady-state multiplicity in a incompletely wetted catalyst particle, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1987,42(5), 1239−1241.
- J.C. Charpentier, Resent progress in two-phase gas-liquid mass transfer in packed beds, Chem. Eng. J., 1976,11,161−181.
- M. Hartman, R. W. Coughlin, Oxidation of SO2 in a trickle-bed reactor packed with carbon, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1972, 27, 867−880.
- C.N. Satterfield, F. Ozel, Direct solid-catalyzed reaction of a vapor in an apparently completely wetted trickle-bed reactor, AIChE J., 1973,19,1259−1261.
- W. Sedriks, C.N. Kenney, Partial wetting in trickle bed reactors, Adv. Chem. Ser., 1972, 109, 251−255.
- J. Hanika, K. Sporka, V. Ruzicka, J. Hrstka, Measurement of axial temperature profiles in an adiabatic trickle bed reactor, Chem. Eng. J., 1976,12,193−197.
- S. Morita, J.M. Smith, Mass transfer and contacting efficiency in a trickle-bed reactor, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 1978, 17(2), 113−120.
- G.A. Funk, M.P. Harold, K.M. Ng, Experimental study of reaction in a partially wetted catalytic pellet, AIChE J., 1991, 37(2), 202−214.
- M. Herskowitz, R.G. Carbonell, J.M. Smith, Effectiveness factors and mass transfer in trickle-bed reactors, AIChE J., 1979, 25(2), 272−283.
- P.C. Watson, M.P.Harold, Rate enhancement and multiplicity in a partially wetted and filled pellet: Experimental study, AIChE J., 1994, 40,97−111.
- J. Hanika, V. Vosecky, V. Ruzicka, Dynamic behavior of the laboratory trickle bed reactor, Chem. Eng. J., 1981, 21, 108−114.
- J. Hanika, K. Sporka, V. Ruzicka, J. Krausova, Qualitative observations of heat and mass transfer effects on the behaviour of a trickle bed reactor, Chem. Eng. Commun., 1975, 2, 19−25.
- М.Г. Слинько, B.A. Кириллов, A.B. Куликов, H.A. Кузин, А. Б. Шигаров, Тепловые режимы частично смоченного зерна кат в реакциях гидрирования углеводородов, ДАН, 2000, 373(3), 359−362.
- V.A. Kirillov, A.V. Kulikov, N.A. Kuzin, A.B. Shigarov, Experimental study of heat regimes on a dry, partially or completely wetted and liquid filled catalyst particle, Chem. Eng. J., 2004, 98, 219−235.
- A.B. Shigarov, A.V. Kulikov, N.A. Kuzin, V.A. Kirillov, Modeling of critical phenomena for liquid/vapor-gas exothermic reaction on a single catalyst particle, Chem. Eng. J., 2003, 91, 205−213.
- A.H. Стегасов, В. А. Кириллов, О моделировании гетерогенно-каталитических химических процессов с фазовым переходом в неподвижном слое катализатора, ТОХТ, 1988, 22(3), 340−348.
- А.Н. Стегасов, А. Б. Шигаров, В. А. Кириллов, Математическая модель и метод расчета переходных режимов в неподвижном слое катализатора, ТОХТ, 1989, 23(3), 351 356.
- J. Hanika, V. Tukac, A.S. Umbertov, V.A. Kirillov, Dynamicke chovanizklapeneko reaktoru v okti bodu varu reakcni smes, Chem. Promysl., 1988, 38/63(4), 192−196.
- V.Z. Yakhnin, M. Menzinger, Convective instability and its suppression in packed-bed-and monolith reactors, Chem. Eng. Sci., 1999, 54, 4547−4557.
- R.M. Noyes, R.J. Field, R.C. Tompson, Mechanism of reaction of Br (V) with weak, one-electron reducing agents, JACS, 1971, 93, 7315−7316.
- А.Б. Ровинский, A.M. Жаботинский, О механизме автокаталитической реакцииIокисления Се броматом, Теоретическая и экспериментальная химия, 1978,14,183.
- А.Б. Ровинский, A.M. Жаботинский, О реакции окисления Fe (phen)32+ броматом, Теоретическая и экспериментальная химия, 1979, 15, 25−31.
- М.Э. Аэров, О. М. Тодес, Д. А. Наринский, Аппараты со стационарным зернистым слоем, JI.: Химия, 1979,175 с.
- L. Kuhnert, H.-I. Krug, L. Pohlmann, Velocity of trigger waves and temperature dependence of autowave processes in the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction, J. Phys. Chem., 1985, 89, 2022−2026.
- P.Keener, J.J.Tyson, Spiral waves in the Belousov-Zhabotinskii reaction, PhysicaD, 1986, 21, 307−324.
- A. Toth, V. Gaspar, K. Showalter, Signal transmission in chemical systems: propagation of chemical waves through capillary tubes, J. Phys. Chem., 1994, 98, 522−531.
- M. Kaern, M. Menzinger, Propagation of excitation pulses and autocatalytic fronts in packed-bed reactors, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2002, 106, 3751−3758.
- D.A. Vasquez, J.W. Wilder, B.F. Edwards, Chemical wave propagation in Hele-Shaw cells and porous media, J. Chem. Phys., 1996,104(24), 9926−9931.
- B.F. Edwards, Poiseuille advection of chemical reaction fronts, Phys. Rev. Lett., 2002, 89(10), 104 501−104 504.
- М.Э. Аэров, О. М. Тодес, Гидравлические и тепловые основы работы аппаратов со стационарным и кипящим зернистым слоем, JL: Химия, 1968, 510 с.
- P. Foerster, S.C. Mueller, В. Hess, Curvature and propagation velocity of chemical waves, Science, 1988, 641,685−687.
- P. Foerster, S.C. Mueller, B. Hess, Critical size and curvature of wave formation in an excitable chemical medium, Proc. Natl. Academ. Sci. USA, 1989, 86, 6831−6834.
- E. Mori, I. Schreiber, J. Ross, J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95, 9359.
- Zs. Nagy-Ungvarai, J. Ungvarai, S.C.Mueller, B. Hess, The role of curvature and pulse width for transition to unstable wave fronts in the Belousov-Zabotinskii reaction, J. Chem. Phys., 1992,97,1004−1009.
- N.A. Kuzin, A.V. Kulikov, A.B. Shigarov, V.A. Kirillov, A new concept reactor for hydrocarbon hydrogenation in the reactive evaporation mode, Catalysis Today, 2003, 79−80, 105−111.1. Благодарности