F igure 16 shows a real commercial offer on equipment of automatic chain-binding machines for the production of medium size, in a given sentence (among the new equipment from the Turkish and Italian manufacturers), the cost of virtually new equipment from a bankrupt Italian companies.Fig. 20. T.
he cost of equipment for organization of production of automatic chain-binding machines from different manufacturers (prices for the machines are based on delivery in Saint Petersburg) Such production could produce about 50−70 kg of chains of silver or gold when fully loaded. T he quality of Italian equipment, the former for some time in operation, much higher than its counterparts from Turkish manufacturers, even though their new machines, and his «bargain» price (compared to new machines from the Italian manufacturer of the equipment) indicates the desire of the Italian company to repay financial debts and to leave the sphere of this type of business. T he total amount of the equipment cost for equipment of automatic chain-binding machines for the production of medium size, represented by figure 17.Fig. 21. T.
he final cost of equipment for the production of automatic chain-binding machines from different manufacturers in EuroLow entry barriers to the foreign and domestic market for manufacturers of jewelry product is not so frequent phenomenon, mainly in the period of crisis may be new opportunities. In this case, when you open automatic chain-binding machines production in Russia, it is obvious advantage for a new manufacturer, which are denominated and costs associated with high initial capital costs and in production technologies. T he percentage of equipment cost to open a automatic chain-binding machines manufacturing (from various manufacturers), presented in figure 22.Fig. 22. T he ratio of the cost of equipment for the production of automatic chain-binding machines from different manufacturers, in percentThe desire of investors to minimize the risk of inefficient investment of financial resources requires professionals to conduct quality economic justification taking into account cost optimization. T he strategies of most companies are focusing on maximizing the cost-effectiveness of their investment in the development of the resource base of production.
T his orientation requires not only a minimum cost increase and maximizing profitability to ensure financial sustainability for the jewellery enterprise. Y ou must take into account that the equipment is a specific object of evaluation. I n the basis of assessment of investment attractiveness of the project, investors always require obtaining objective data for making decisions about whether to participate in a fairly long-term project, thus insuring themselves against possible financial losses. W.
hen evaluating the project, the situation is often complicated by the need to respond quickly to market signals, as the new entry possibilities for it may never recur. M ajor investments coming in the sector, or during periods of stable and «explosive» price growth or in times of crisis, and these circumstances should be used. T he universal nature of economic justification, outbound, including from the proposed investment over the entire period of project development, facilitates risk assessment in making investment decisions for the evaluation of development effectiveness, the development of the project and its financial viability. I t will enable businesses to obtain the necessary accurate information for the feasibility study and decision making on the feasibility and economic efficiency of investments in creation of the enterprise for the production of jewelry in 2016, as it is based on adequate assessment of all economic indicators. Figure 23 presents the machines for harvesting, soldering and finishing circuits and other types of equipment which are included in the full list of equipment for the new automatic chain-binding machines of production.
H owever, this equipment was not carried out search of profitable options (in connection with a certain limit of the material in the scope of the study) and it is presented at current market prices.Fig. 23. T he cost of equipment for the automatic chain-binding machines of production (Euros)Increasing income and production based on the efficient management and aims at sustainable prerequisites for the sustainable economic growth of the enterprise and attracting additional investment to expand business.
M aintaining the balance of interests of investors and managers of commercial organizations, significantly increases the economic efficiency and financial sustainability of future businesses. T he total amount of the cost of equipment of a new automatic chain-binding machines of production are presented in figure 22.Fig. 24. T.
he total cost of equipment new automatic chain-binding machines manufacturingIn the framework of the economic justification for the opening of the new enterprises on the example of enterprises of the jewelry industry (automatic chain-binding machines manufacture), the last step and the decisive argument in favor of its establishment in 2016 will be the comparison of equipment prices in 2012 and 2016 in the ruble equivalent at the exchange rate of the Central Bank. I n 2012, the value of the Euro against the ruble was 46 rubles per Euro, and in 2016, due to the depreciation of the national currency, it was already 75 rubles for one Euro. H owever, in 2012, the equipment market was not those kinds of proposals from a number of Italian companies who have lost the financial stability of the operation (as a result of the collapse of prices for the precious metal) for equipment of jewelry production. T herefore, economic justification is mapped to two variants of the cost of equipment for automatic chain-binding machines production on the basis of real proposals: version with final equipment price — 317 850 euros and the version with the final price of the equipment -76 300 Euro (Fig.
23).Fig. 25. C omparison of variants of commercial proposals 2012 and 2016 for the sale of equipment for the automatic chain-binding machines manufacturingBased on the data presented in figure 23, when comparing the two options is a real commercial bids cost of equipment for the automatic chain-binding machines manufacturing, we can conclude that the version of the commercial proposals of 2016 with the final equipment price — 76 300 euros 60% cheaper in ruble terms, option 2012 with the final price of the equipment -317 850 euros. T hus, the analysis allowed to form equipment variant automatic chain-binding machines manufacturing, is presented in table 5. Table 5 — Calculation of the cost of equipmentThe model of the machine ManufacturerNewusedpiecesPrice per piece € The total amount of €InductionmeltingfurnaceMAULEX16800,6 800,00StaticovenannealingIECOХ14 680,004680,00MachineforpullingwireVIOLIX114000,14 000,00ElectrophoreticwireX14000,4 000,00DrytumblingCEABX14800,4 800,00TumblingcrudeLMX35850,17 550,00Continuousbrazingfurnace (tunnel)GB.BERTONCELLOX112000,12 000,00DryerER19X42000,8 000,00SmolotoypressFASTIX14200,4 200,00Machine for applying diamond facetsLUCIANOX122500,22 500,00Machine for applying double-sided diamond patternsOMPARX117650,17 650,00Machine for soldering rings okantovanySTILMECX124255,24 255,00Machine gasket for chain snakeAMBX113230,13 230,00SNODATOREAMBX14500,4 500,00TRAINO PER BATTATRICEX1400,400,00Generator (hydrogenandoxygen)PIELX130000,30 000,00NitrogengeneratorPIELX17500,7 500,00Stamp for chain gourmet, Figaro, LavPT12X2790,1 580,00StampforcircuitpanzicaTI 1615X11990,1 990,00Total:199 635,00Automatic chain-binding machines machinesER22X113000,13 000,00ER22X113000,13 000,00ER22X113500,13 500,00ER22X116000,16 000,00ER16X125000,25 000,00ER16X130000,30 000,00Total:110 500,00Total:310 135,00Thus, the planned cost of equipment for automatic chain-binding machines of production will be 310 135,00 euros. Calculation of cost of production of products and pricesTable 5 resents the labour productivity in each of the sections of the production process. Table 6 — Labour productivityOperationsPerformanceStaffFoundryCastingbillet2 p/h1BilletRollingfrom 2 to 4 pounds per hour2Annealing 1RollingAnnealing 2DrawingthefirststageAnnealing 3DrawingthesecondstageAnnealing 4KnittingchainsKnittingchains25−250 g/h2ThebondingsectionScoloti4000 g/h1ScolotiScoloti2000 g/h1DiamondprocessingDiamondprocessing2000 g/h1FinishingChecking/cutting220 p/h1Branding500 p/h1Hitchlocks500 p/hPolishing60 p/h3Based on the analysis of indicators of productivity, volume of production is planned in full by increasing the production program (100% launch). T he calculation of the planned production capacity of the enterprise will spend on the basis of indicators of productivity of the automatic chain-binding machines site where the planned operation of the 6 automatic chain-binding machines machines, operated by two employees. According to table 5 production capacity of each of the automatic chain-binding machines machinery is 25−250 g/hour.
W hen the 40-hour working week the standard working time will amount to 1,974 hours per year. P erform the calculation of the minimum and maximum values the performance of the automatic chain-binding machines machinery with a working time: At the minimum performance level automatic chain-binding machines machinery (25 g/hour):1974∙25∙6=296 100 gAt the maximum performance level automatic chain-binding machines 250 g/h:1974∙250∙6=2 961 000 gTable 7 presents data on raw materials used and its price.
T able 7 Raw materials№Raw materialsPrice per 1 gr. in rubles1Gold1348,682Silver32,08On the basis of productivity and the planned volume of output calculation of output of finished products on the basis of minimum and maximum levels of performance automatic chain-binding machines machine tools (table 8).Table 8 — Calculation of finished productsOutput in the planned yearWholesale price per unit, RUB/g.The cost of production, RUBminmaxminmax29610029610002150636615000,6 366 150 000,00Based on the above calculations the cost of production when the planned minimum production 296 100 grams per month will be 6366,115 mln., and when maximum performance automatic chain-binding machines area — 63 661,15 million. In tables 9 and 10 the calculation of payroll staff on hourly and piece-rate forms of remuneration. Table 9 — Calculation of the Fund’s direct wage workers on time wagesCategory of workers. The number of peopleThe average hourly wage rateThe useful Fund of working time, hoursWage Fund of workers on tariff rates and wages, RUBDirector1280,1 974,00552720,00DeputyDirectorforproduction1196,1 974,00386904,00Chiefaccountant1192,1 974,00379008,00Technologist1182,1 974,00359268,00Driver1162,1 974,00319788,00Guard1162,1 974,00319788,00Total:—-2 317 476,00Table 10 — Calculation of the Fund’s direct wages ofpieceworkerThe production of finished products in the planned year, g Piecework rate per unit, RUB/g.Wage Fund of workers on piece-rates, RUB. minmaxminmax296100296100035,1 036 350 010 363 5000In tables 11, 12 shows the calculation of the payroll for the period of the execution, commissioning (2 months) for hourly and piece-rate forms of remuneration. Table 11 — Payroll period, commissioningCategory of staff The number of peopleThe average hourly wage rateThe useful Fund of working time, hoursWage Fund of workers on tariff rates and wages, RUBTotal, RUBноябрьдекабрьноябрьдекабрьDirector1280,16 717 646 760 492 810 2400DeputyDirectorforproduction1196,16 717 632 732 344 967 1688Chiefaccountant1192,16 717 632 064 337 926 1446Technologist1182,16 717 630 394 320 326 6566Driver1162,16 717 627 054 285 125 6326Guard1162,16 717 627 054 285 125 6326Just——19 605 820 662 440 2682Table 12 — Calculation of the Fund’s direct wages ofpieceworkerThe production of finished products in the planned month, gPiecework rate per unit, RUB/g.Wage Fund of workers on piece-rates, RUB. minmaxNovemberDecember2525035,146 125 146 1250Thus, the payroll for the period of commissioning of work will be: at the minimum level of performance 402 682+146125=548 807;maximum performance automatic chain-binding machines plot:402 682+1461250=186 3932For the period of commissioning it is planned to purchase following raw materials: gold 6 kg (1 kg automatic chain-binding machines in every machine) 6000∙1348,68=809 2080ligature of the firm Legor 6 kg.4,3∙18 000=RUB 77400Thus, the total cost for raw materials at the stage of commissioning works will be 8 169 480 RUB. Table 13 — The calculation of the costing of productsCosts itemizedThe amount of costs at the level of performance automatic chain-binding machines of the site, RUB.25 g/h250 g/hRawmaterials8169480,8 169 480,00Fuelandenergy10000,10 000,00Basicwage548807,1 863 932,00Additionalsalary (10%)54880,70 186 393,20Deductionsfrompay164642,10 559 179,60Overheadcosts398560,398 560,00Generalexpenses195890,195 890,00Rentproductionspace120000120000Totalproductioncost9542259,8 011 383 434,80Non-salessellingexpenses157950,157 950,00Totalcostofgoods9820209,8 012 741 384,80According to the above calculations with a minimal level of performance automatic chain-binding machines plot the total cost of production will be 9 820 209,80 RUB, with maximum performance — 12 741 384,80 RUB. ConclusionsandimplementationIn the study, open a new enterprise on the example of enterprises of the jewelry industry (automatic chain-binding machines manufacturing) conducted a comprehensive analysis of the current competitive situation at present and the global gold market and in the domestic market of the Russian Federation. Conducted a comprehensive analysis of the system constraints that affect the behavior of existing and potential manufacturers of jewellery products and on the degree of concentration, known as entry barriers to external and internal market. In the analysis process were studied such features of the jewelry market, such as: the dependence of the production of jewelry from sharp price fluctuation of gold;the development of the jewelry market and behavioral barriers (integration of enterprises of the sector); demand barriers (degree of solvency of consumers); the geographic boundaries of the market; market infrastructure. As the main determinants of the effectiveness of the opening of the new jewelry we determined: the volumes of supply and demand; the actions of market entities; the economic and institutional barriers; the cost advantage; the advantage in production technologies; the level of initial capital expenditure; the product differentiation, and market barriers; theeconomies of scale and advantage in cost. Based on the analysis of existing production facilities the paper presents the organizational structure of the enterprise, description of technological process the algorithm of its implementation, as well as the calculation of costs and prices of products, which at the minimum performance level automatic chain-binding machines plot the total cost of production will be 9 820 209,80 RUB, with maximum performance — 12 741 384,80 RUB. ReferencesThe civil code of the Russian Federation: [adopted by the State Duma on 21 October 1994, as amended by Federal law from 13.
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