Regionalism also has a tendency to beget regionalism as outsiders attempt to minimize the costs of trade diversion by becoming insiders. This has given rise to the new phenomenon of overlapping RTAs which increase their complexity and their relationship with the MTS. One highlighted issue is the negative effects on trade of differing rules of origin, and the way in which rules of origin can be designed to have a protectionist impact. There is also the danger that, as countries pursue deeper integration within RTAs, dispute settlement provisions contained in the ‘new generation' RTAs could build jurisprudence conflicting with that of the WTO.
Conclusion
With increase in quantity of RTS and expansion of trade and economic spheres which they regulate, in a legal field of multilateral trade there are more and more openings which conduct to occurrence of new trading barriers, discrimination between the countries-participants and not participants.
Slow development of multilateral trading negotiations within WTO has led to growth a number of regional and bilateral agreements about free trade, or preferential trading agreements, many of which consist between developed and developing countries. Such agreements promising temporary benefits in respect of expansion the access to the markets and increases direct foreign investments, can also limit freedom of the governments, playing to time an important role in intermediate term and long-term growth of competitive branches. Therefore officials of developing countries should think three times before to enter into similar agreements.
Whether RTAs is as stimulus or an obstacle for trade, remains a main point. The most simple answer means interdependence between an origin, structure and sphere of influence of everyone concrete RTA. The risks connected with infringement of commercial relations and distortion of trading rules as a result of the conclusion of RTA is proved. It especially concerns the countries which are nonmembers, but have the demand or manufacture structure similar to member. On the other hand, in the states which have united to a geographical sign, improvement of the regional economic device can promote activization of principles of relative advantage and lead to formation of more realistic structures of the market and manufacture which allow to accelerate integration of participants into world trade system.
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MGIMO-UNIVERSITY, 2007
Sorokin R.G. Problems of ecomony.-M.: Sputnik+, 2006
Vulf M. Double standards of WTO//Financial Times, 2008. November 21
Sorokin R.G. Problems of ecomony.-M.: Sputnik+, 2006
