ΠŸΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ Π² написании студСнчСских Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚
АнтистрСссовый сСрвис

ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ β„–4 Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ 2

ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°ΡΠŸΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈΠ£Π·Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΠΌΠΎΠ΅ΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹

Recording involves placing recording electrodes in specific brain structures and observing the electrical activity of these regions as a function of different activities. It has been found, for example, that the electrical activity of the brain is markedly different during the various stages of sleep and certain aspects of learning and that it is related to attentional state. The brain is studied… Π§ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΅Ρ‰Ρ‘ >

ΠšΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ β„–4 Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ 2 (Ρ€Π΅Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚, курсовая, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ)

Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅

  • I. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ тСкст письмСнно
  • Research Techniques
  • II. ΠžΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ письмСнно Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ вопросы
  • III. ΠŸΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ вопрос ΠΊ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ словам
  • IV. Π‘ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²ΡŒΡ‚Π΅ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚вСтствии с ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ

Imagine, that you have just graduated from the university. To find a job you need to write a resume and prepare yourself for the job interview with the following employer: Small clinic specializing in children.

Π’ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΡ‚Π΅, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π’Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ унивСрситСт. Π§Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΉΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ, Π’Ρ‹ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Ρ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡŽΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρƒ со ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ: МалСнькая ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ях.

I. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΉΡ‚Π΅, ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π΅ тСкст письмСнно

Research Techniques

The brain is studied primarily through three basic methods: ablation, stimulation, and recording. All three methods are used in conjunction with one another by brain researchers in order to obtain a picture of how various systems in the brain function dynamically in the mediation of specific behaviors.

Ablation, an experimental technique used for animals, involves selectively removing portions of the brain and trying to determine what the sum total of remaining parts can or cannot do. In this way it is possible, for example, to map out regions of the cortex responsible for auditory or visual functions or to determine which portions of the thalamus are involved in sensory or motor functions. The stimulation technique essentially involves placing small electrodes in specific portions of the brain and electrically activating them to observe the effect on some behavior or performed task. An alternative method of stimulation is through the implantation of small tubes that can carry chemicals to specific regions of the brain. Stimulation in certain portions of the hypothalamus with cholingeric drugs will elicit drinking, whereas stimulation of the identical regions with an adrenergic substance (norepinephrine) will elicit eating. As is the case in ablation, stimulation also produces an alteration in the normal functioning of the brain. A third method, recording, is passive and produces the least change in ongoing cerebral activity.

Recording involves placing recording electrodes in specific brain structures and observing the electrical activity of these regions as a function of different activities. It has been found, for example, that the electrical activity of the brain is markedly different during the various stages of sleep and certain aspects of learning and that it is related to attentional state.

Recent techniques for recording brain activity include computer axial tomography (CAT) and positron emission tomography (PET). These, coupled with EEC, are beginning to allow scientists to study the brain as it functions in normal activities.

Мозг ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½, ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ всСго, с ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΡŒΡŽ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ… основных ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²: ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡ‚рация. ВсС Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ исслСдоватСлями ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° Π² ΡΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ с Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Π΅ систСмы Π² Ρ„ункциях ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° динамичСски Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ.

Π£Π΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ для ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, извлСкая Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎ Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ ΡƒΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π°ΡΡΡŒ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π΅ количСство ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ частСй ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³Π° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€, ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ области ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ‹, отвСтствСнныС Π·Π° ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ части таламуса Π²ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅… ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ.

Π’Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° возбуТдСния ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Ρƒ прСдставляСт собой

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